Papers  relating  to  the 
FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW  YORK 
by  the  Dutch 

(Albany  1850) 


i£x  HtbrtH 


SEYMOUR  DURST 


lichen  you  leave,  please  leave  this  hook 

Because  it  has  been  said 
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AVI  KY  AK(  III  1 1  (  iUKAI.  AN!)  AKIS  I  liiRAin 

(ill  I  oi  Si  n Aloi  k  W.  1)1  Ksi  Oi  l)  York  I.ihr 


A  A 


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II. 

PAPERS 

RELATING  TO  THE 


jru0l  Settlement  of  NeiD  floik 

BY  THE  DUTCH. 


9 


I 


( 


DESCRIPTION  AND  FIRST  SETTLEJIENT  OF  NEW 
NETHERLAND. 


[From  Wassena6rs  Historic  Van  Europg,,  Amsterdam;  1621-1632.] 

Numerous  voyages  realize  so  much  profit  for  adventurers  that 
they  discover  other  countries,  wliich  they  afterwards 
^^24-     settle  and  plant.    Virginia,  a  country  lying  in  424 

Description  of  ^  '  J      J      O  H 

N«w_^^ether.  degrccs,  Is  one  of  these.  It  was  first  peopled  by  the 
French  ;  afterwards  by^the  English  and  is  to-day  a 
flourishing  colony.  The  Lords  States  General  observing  the 
great  abundance  of  their  people  as  well  as  their  desire  to  plant 
other  lands,  allowed  the  West  India  company  to  settle  that  same 
country.  Many  from  the  United  Colonies  did  formerly  and  do 
still  trade  there  ; — yea,  for  the  greater  secuiity  of  the  traders,  a 
Castle — Fort  Nassau — had  been  built  on  an  Island  in  42  degrees, 
on  the  North  side  of  the  River  Montagne^  now  called  Mauritius. 
But  as  the  Natives  there  were  somewhat  discontented,  and  not 
easily  managed,  the  projectors  abandoned  it,  intending  now  to 
plant  a  Colony  among  the  Maikans  a  Nation  lying  25  miles* 
on  both  sides  of  the  River,  upwards. 

This  River,  or  the  Bay,  lies  in  40  degrees,  running  well  in  ; 
being  as  broad  or  wide  as  the  Thames,  and  navigable 
Of  the  River.  fuU  fifty  mllcs  up,  through  divers  Nations,  who  some- 
times manifest  themselves  with  arrows,  like  enemies, 
sometimes  like  friends  ;  but  when  they  had  seen  the  ships  once 
or  twice,  or  traded  with  our  people,  they  became  altogether 
friendly. 


1  The  miles  stated  in  this  paper  are  Dutch,  one  of  which  is  equal  to  three 
American  miles. 


28 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  XEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


Below  the  Maikans  are  situate  these  Tribes  ;  Mechkentowoon^ 
Tapa7its,  on  the  West  side  ;  Wiekagjocic,  Wyeck,  on  the 
S^heSboSL.  ^^^^  side.  Two  Nations  lie  there  lower  down  at 
Klinckersberg.  At  the  Fisher's  hook  are  Pachanyj 
Warenecker  Warrawannankonckx:  In  one  place,  Esopes,  are 
two  or  three  Tribes.  The  Manhates  are  situate  at  the  mouth. 
In  tlie  interior  are  also  many,  as  the  Maquas.  Full  fifty  miles 
further  are  found  likewise  many  villages,  all  wliich  come  to  this 
River  to  trade  from  the  interior  which  is  very  swampy,  great 
quantities  of  water  running  to  the  River,  overflowing  the 
adjoining  country,  which  was  frequently  the  cause  that  Fort 
Nassau  lay  under  water  and  was  abandoned. 

This  country  now  called  New  Netherland  is  usually  reached 
in  seven  or  eight  weeks  from  here.  The  course  lies 
S°s^iru."»iu3  towards  the  Canary  Islands :  thence  to  the  Indian 
coiuitry.  Islands,  then  towards  the  main  land  of  Virginia, 
steering  right  across,  kaving  in  fourteen  days  the  Bahamas  on 
the  left,  and  the  Bermudas  on  the  right  hand  where  the  winds 
are  variable  with  which  the  land  is  made. 

Respecting  Religion  we  as  yet  cannot  learn  that  they  have 
any  knowledge  of  God,  but  there  is  something  similar 

Religion  repute  among  them.  What  they  have  is  set  over 
them  by  tlic  Cabal "  from  ancestor  to  ancestor. 
They  say  tliat  mention  was  made  by  tlieir  forefathers  for  many 
thousand  moons,  of  good  and  evil  spirits,  to  whose  lionor,  it  is 
supposed,  they  burn  fires  or  sacrifices.  They  wish  to  stand 
well  with  the  Good  spirits  ;  tliey  like  exliortations  about  them. . 
The  Ministry  of  tlieir  spiritual  affairs  is  attended  to  by  Mie  they 
call  Kitzinacka,  which,  I  think,  is  Priest.  When  any  one  among 
them  is  sick,  he  visits  him  ;  sits  by  him  and  bawls,  roars  and 
cries  like  one  possessed.  If  a  man  die,  he  is  laid  in  tlie  earth 
without  a  coffin,  with  all  his  costly  garments  of  skins.  This 
Priest  has  no  house  of  his  own.  He  lodges  where  he  pleases, 
or  where  he  last  officiated  ;  must  not  eat  any  food  prepared  by 
a  married  woman.  It  must  be  cooked  by  a  maiden  or  old 
woman.  He  never  cohabits  with  them,  living  like  a  capuchin. 
When  a  child  arrives  at  the  age  of  twelve,  tlv  ii  they  can  di^ter- 
minc  whether  he  shall  be  a  Kitsinacka  or  not.    If  tis  so  ruled, 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


29 


then  lie  is  elevated  to  such  office.    Becoming  of  age,  he  under- 
takes the  exercise  of  it. 
All  the  Natives  pay  particular  attention  to  the  sun,  the  moon, 
and  the  stars,  as  they  are  of  as  great  interest  to  them, 
virgmians    as  to  US,  havlug  Uke  summer  and  winter.    But  Geo- 

observe  most.  i  i       i  i  i     i  x» 

graphers  are  aware  that  the  length  and  shortness  oi 
the  days  differ,  on  account  of  situation.  The  first  moon  follow- 
ing that  at  ,the  end  of  February  is  greatly  honored  by  them. 
They  watch  it  with  great  devotion,  and  as  it  rises,  they  compli- 
ment it  with  a  festival ;  then  they  collect  together  from  all 
quarters,  and  revel  in  their  way,  with  wild  game  or  fish,  and 
drink  clear  river  water  to  their  fill,  without  being  intoxicated. 
It  appears  that  the  year  commences  then,  this  moon  being  a 
harbinger  of  the  spring.  Shortly  afterwards  the  women  begin 
to  prepare  what  is  to  be  for  food  by  planting,  putting  everything 
in  a  state  of  preparation,  and  carrying  their  seed  into  the  field. 
They  allow  the  sacceeding  moons  to  appear  without  any  feast- 
ing ;  but  they  celebrate  the  new  August  moon  by  another 
festival,  as  their  harvest  then  approaches.  It  is  very  abundant 
in  consequence  of  the  great  mildness  of  the  chmate.  The 
summers  are  frequently  very  hot,  and  the  land  moist,  wliich 
produces  abundance  of  fruits  and  grain.  Indian  corn  is  abun- 
dant there,  and  is  pounded  by  the  women,  made  into  meal, 
and  baked  into  cakes  in  the  ashes,  after  the  olden  fasliion,  and 
used  for  food. 

As  they  care  nothing  for  the  spiritual,  they  direct  their 
study  principally  to  the  physical,  closely  observing 
The  experience  thc  scasous.    Thc  womcu  thcrc  are  the  most  expe- 

ofthe  women  in  , 

Astronomy,  ricuced  star  gazers ;  there  is  scarcely  one  of  them 
but  can  name  aU  the  stars  ;  their  rising,  setting ;  the 
position  of  the  Arctos^  that  is  the  wagon,  is  as  well  known  to 
them  as  to  us,  and  they  name  them  by  other  names.  But  Him 
who  dwells  above  they  know  not ;  affording  aU  us  Christians 

an  argument  to  thank  Him,  that  He  hath  so  benefi- 
?«°t°"riJat;seciCently  favored  us,  leaving  these  in  darkness;  so 
"^Rom^g"'''  that  what  the  apostle  says  is  found  to  betrue.  It 

is  not  of  liim  that  willeth,  nor  of  him  that  runneth, 
but  of  God  that  sheweth  mercy. 


t 

30  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF   NEW- YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


There  is  little  authority  known  among  these  nations.  They 

live  almost  all  free.  In  each  village,  indeed,  is  found  a 
'"liv'ing"^   person  who  is  somewhat  above  the  others  and  commands 

absolutely  when  there  is  war  and  when  they  are  gathered 
from  all  the  villages  to  go  on  the  war  path.  But  the  fight  once 
ended,  his  superiority  ceases.  They  are  very  much  afraid  of 
the  dead  ;  but  when  they  perceive  tliat  they  must  die,  they  are 
very  brave  and  more  ferocious  than  beasts.  When  a  lad  courts  a 
girl,  he  buys  her  generally  in  a  neighboring  village,  and  this 
done,  the  daughter  is  then  delivered  to  him  by  tw^o  or  three 
other  women,  who  come  carrying  on  their  heads  meal,  roots, 
corn  and  other  articles,  to  the  young  man's  hut,  and  he  receives 
her.  The  dwelUngs  are  commonly  circular  ;  with  a  vent  hole 
above  to  let  out  the  smoke  ;  closed  with  tour  doors,  consisting 
most  of  the  bark  of  trees  which  are  very  abundant  there.  -They 
sleep  on  the  ground  covered  witli  leaves  and  skins.  At  their 
meals  they  sit  on  the  ground.  Each  liighly  esteems  his  own  cliil- 
dren,  who  grow  up  very  lively.  The  A\'omen  sew  skins  into 
clot] ling,  prepare  bread,  cook  the  meat  which  the  men  hunt 
and  kill  with  arrows,  especially  in  the  winter  when  all  is  bare 
in  the  fields  and  but  scanty  forage  is  to  be  picked  off  the  snow  ; 
then  tlie  animals  approach  the  villages  and  are  shot. 

It  is  very  common  among  tliem  for  one  man  to  buy  and  to 

have  many  wives,  but  not  in  one  place  ;  when  he  jour- 
Poiygamy.  ucys  fivc  or  six  milcs  he  finds  another  wife  who  also 

takes  care  of  him  ;  five  or  ten  miles  further,  he  again 
finds  another  wife  who  kee])S  house  and  so  on  to  several ;  com- 
monly buying  up  peltries  tlirough  the  country.  But  as  those 
inland  find  tliat  furs  are  sold  clieap  among  tliem,  they  come 
down  tliemsclves  to  the  rivers  and  trade  with  the  Nations  as  best 
they  can.  Also  tliose  wlio  will  trade  with  them  must  furnish 
them  food  at  an  inluibiUmt's  in  tlie  v  illage — let  them  cook  their 
meat  and  fish  there,  as  mucli  as  they  like,  and  then  they  tliank 
the  trader.  In  otiier  respects,  they  are  extremely  liospitable  ; 
the  one  lodges  with  tlie  otlier  without  any  ceremony,  on  similar 
compensation.  Those  who  come  from  tlio  interior,  yea  thirty 
days  journey,  declare  there  is  C()iisi{l('ra])le  water  every  where 
and  tliat  the  upper  country  is  marshy  ;  tliey  make  mention  of 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF   NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  31 


great  freshets  which  lay  waste  their  lands  ;  so  that  what  many 
say  may  be  true,  that  Hudson's  Bay  run&  through  to  the  South 
gea,  and  is  navigable,  except  when  obstructed  by  the  ice  to  the 
northward.  It  were  desirable  that  it  were  once  proved.  Those 
who  made  the  last  voyage  are  of  the  same  opinion,  as  they  found 
all  open  sea,  a  rapid  current  and  whales. 

They  live  in  summer  mostly  on  fish.    The  men  repair  to  the 
river  and  catch  a  great  quantity  in  a  short  time,  as  it 
The  food  of  is  full  and  furnishes  various  sorts.    The  arrows  they 
in  summer.  USe  aTC  pointed  with  little  bones,  iron  or  copper,  with 
which  they  are  very  expert,  being  good  marksmen. 
They  can  catch  deer,  fawns,  hares  and  foxes  and  all  such.  The 
country  is  full  of  game  ;  hogs,  bears,  leopards,  yea  lions,  as 
appears  by  the  skins  wliicli  w^ere  brought  on  board.    Oxen  and 
horses  there  are  none. 

In  the  woods  are  found  all  sorts  of  fruits ;  plums,  wild  cher- 
ries, pears ;  yea,  fruits  in  great  profusion.  Tobacco 
die  coantry.  is  planted  in  abundance,  but  much  better  grows  wild  in 
Brazil ;  it  is  called  Virginian.    Vines  grow  wild  there ; 
were  there  vintagers  and  were  they  acquainted  with  the  press, 
good  wine  could  be  brought  hither  in  great  quantity,  and  even 
as  Must,  the  voyage  thence  being  often  made  in  thirty  days. 
Their  trade  consists  mostly  in  peltries,  which  tliey  measure 
by  the  hand  or  by  the  finsjer.    It  happened  that  a  wo- 

The  trade  of     *'  JO  -rr- 

VUg^'  ^'^^        seen  a  skipper's  lace  sliirt,  fell  sick ; 

finding  she  should  die,  she  gave  her  husband  three 
fine  peltry  skins  to  present  to  the  skipper  for  the  sliirt,  which 
he  wilhngly  gave  her,  for  she  wished  to  be  buried  in  it ;  they  out- 
strip the  Christians  in  the  sumptuousness  of  their  burials.  In 
exchange  for  peltries  they  receive  beads,  with  which  they  deco- 
rate their  persons  ;  knives,  adzes,  axes,  case-J^iiives,  kettles  and 
aU'  sorts  of  ii'on  work  which  they  require  for  house  keeping. 
In  their  waters  are  aU  sorts  of  fowls,  such  as  cranes,  bitterns, 

swans,  geese,  ducks,  widgeons,  wild  geese,  as  in  this 

A  tuyfififtnrfl  of 

water  fowl,  country.    Birds  fill  also  the  woods  so  that  men  can 
scarcely  go  through  them  for  the  wliistling,  the  noise, 
and  the  chattering.    Whoever  is  not  lazy  can  catch  them  with 
little  difficulty.    Turkey  beans  is  a  very  common  crop.  Pigeons 


32  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


fly  wild,  they  are  chased  by  the  foxes  like  fowls.    Tortoises  are 

very  small,  and  are  not  eaten,  because  there  is  plenty 
i^^i^ginuf  of  other  food.    The  most  wonderful  are  the  bull-frogs, 

in  size  about  a  span,  which  croak  with  a  ringing  noise 
in  the  evening,  as  in  this  country.  'Tis  surprising  that  storks 
have  not  been  found  there,  if  it  be  a  marshy  country.  Spoon- 
bills, ravens,  eagles,  sparrow-hawks,  vultures  are  numerous 
and  are  actually  shot  or  knocked  down  by  the  natives. 

'Tis  worthy  of  remark  that  so  great  a  diversity  of  language 

exists  among  the  numerous  Tribes.  They  vary  fre- 
%i^ei°'  quently  not  over  five  or  six  miles ;  forthwith  comes 

another  language ;  they  meet  and  can  hardly  under- 
stand one  another.  There  are  some  who  come  sixty  miles  from 
the  interior,  and  can  not  well  understand  those  on  the  River, 
All  are  very  cunning  in  Trade ;  yea,  frequently,  after  having 
sold  every  thing,  they  will  go  back  of  the  bargain,  and  that 
forcibly,  in  order  to  get  a  little  more ;  and  then  they  return 
upwards,  being  thirty  and  forty  strong ;  their  outer  clo tiling 
being^all  skins  and  furs. 
It  appears  by  the  statements  of  the  Highlanders,  there  are 

larger  animals  in  the  interior.  On  seeing  the  head  of 
bTtiie  Taurus  J  one  of  the  signs  of  the  Zodiac,  the  women 
upper  country,  j,^^^^^  how  to  cxplalu  tliat  It  Is  a  horned  head  of  a  big, 
wild  animal  which  inhabits  the  distant  country,  but  not  their's, 
and  when  it  rises  in  a  certain  part  of  the  heavens,  at  a  time 
known  to  them,  then  is  the  season  for  planting ;  then  they  begin 
to  break  up  the  soil  with  axes  {by! en)  and  to  throw  in  the  seed 3 
like  the  Boors  in  Italy  who  appear  by  Virgil  in  Bucolitis  to  take 
their  proper  time  from  the  signs. 

The  science  of  prognostication,  or  foretelhng  of  events  is 
altogetlier  dark  and  unknown  to  them ;  uttering  or  delivering  no 
oracles  about  the  one  or  the  other,  as  they  ha\'c  very  htUe  know- 
ledge of  future  or  past  things. 

What's  very  strange  is,  that  among  these  almost  Barbarous 

people,  there  are  few  or  none,  cross-eyed,  blind,  crip- 
tutiun  of  Iho  J  )led,  lame,  hunch-backed  or  limping;  all  are  well 

fas'iioiK'd  ])(H)plc  ;  strong  in  constitution  of  body,  well 
proportioned  witliout  ]»k'niisli. 


FIUST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  33 


In  some  places  tliey  have  abundant  means,  with  herbs  and 
leaves  or  roots,  to  administer  to  their  sick.  There  is  scarcely 
an  ailment  they  have  not  a  remedy  for ;  but  in  other  locahties 
they  are  altogether  devoid  of  succour,  leaving  the  People  to 
'perish  lUce  cattle. 

Chastity  appears  to  be  of  some  repute  among  them,  for  the 
Chastity  of  women  are  not  all  equally  loose.  There  are  some  who 
the  women,  -yy^ui^^  j^ot  coliablt  wlth  ours  for  any  compensation. 
Others  liold  it  in  small  esteem ;  especially  as  they  are  free,  living 
without  law.  Whilst  rearing  theii*  offspring,  they  exhibit  great 
tenderness ;  ne^  ertheless  as  children  rapidly  increase  with  these 
people,  they  forbid  theirs  (the  house)  as  not  beseeming ;  yea, 
command  them  not  to  retui-n  back. 

They  are  not,  by  nature,  the  most  gentle.  Were  there  no 
Nature  of  the  weapons,  espccially  muskets,  near,  they  would  fre- 
iBhabuants.  ^^^^^^ij  j^jji  ^1^^  Tradcrs  for  sake  of  the  plunder;  but 
whole  troops  run  before  five  or  six  muskets.  At  the  first 
coming  (of  the  whites)  they  were  accustomed  to  fall  prostrate  on 
the  report  of  the  gun ;  but  now  they  stand  still  from  habit,  so 
that  the  first  Colonists  will  stand  in  need  of  protection. 

The  South-bay,^  some  miles  nearer  Florida,  is  a  more  tempe- 
rate country.  There  is  no  winter  there  save  in  January,  and 
then  but  for  a  few  days. 

Their  numerals  run  no  higlier  than  ours ;  twenty  being  twice 
ten.  When  they  ask  for  twenty,  they  stick  the  ten  fingers  up 
Of  tiieir  nu-  ^^^^  wlth  thcm  tum  to  tlie  feet  on  wliich  are  ten  toes. 

merais.  r|.|^^^  couut,  Honslcf,  Tcgcni,  Hasse,  Kajeri,  Wiskj  Ja- 
jack^  Satachj  Siattege^  Tiochte^  Ojeri.^ 

The  names  of  tlieir  months  are  tliese : — Cuerano,  the  first  with 
them,  February:  2.  Weer-heinska :  ^.  Heemskan:  4.  Oneratacka: 
5.  Oneratack^  then  men  begin  to  sow  and  to  plant:  6.  Hagarert: 
7.  lakouvaratta  :  8.  Hatter hona gat :  9.  Genhendasta  :  then  the 
grain  and  every  thing  is  ripe.  10.  Digojeiijattha^  then  is  tlie  seed 
housed.  Of  January  and  December  tliey  take  no  note  being  of 
no  use  to  them. 

1  Delaware  .^ay  2  The  author  of  this  paper  must  have  obtained  his  informa- 
tion from  some  Iroquois,  as  with  the  exception  of  the  first,  these  are  the  names 
of  the  numerals  according  to  the  IMohawk  and  Onondaga  dialects.  The  last 
(Ojeri)  approaches  the  Seneca. 

Vol.  III.  3 


34  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


A  ship  was  fitted  out  under  a  commission  from  the  West 
wtftat  those  India  Company,  and  freighted  with  families,  to  plant  a 
cJionils"*  Colony  among  this  People.    But  to  go  in  safety,  it  is 
have  to  do.  necessary  that  they  be  placed  in  a  good 

defensive  position  and  well  provided  with  arms  and  a  fort,  as 
the  Spaniard  who  claims  all  the  country,  will  never  allow  any 
one  to  gain  a  possession  there ;  and  as  the  Spaniards  have  made 
many  incursions  as  well  above  as  below,  in  Florida,  Virginia  and 
thereabouts,  I  deem  it  not  foreign  to  tell  something  thereof,  be- 
ing a  mirror  in  which  every  one  can  see  and  defend  himself,  and 
how  the  Spaniards  always  aim  as  well  generally  as  individually 
at  Monarchy.  Such  description  shall  be  related  in  the  com- 
mencement of  Part  the  Seventh,  as  this  Book  cannot  contain  it. 


Homo  est  animal  sociahile^  is  in  some  sense  a  definition ;  in  some 
Of  Colonies  •  scusc  a  description,  of  man.    Men's  sociability  led  them 


how  those  of 
die  anticnts 


to  congregate  and  to  live  peaceably  together,  from  which 
were  begun,  ^p^g^  Hamlets,  Vlllagcs  aud  Cities,  and  afterwards  Chiefs 
were  chosen  among  them.  These  remarking  that  the  ct)llected 
heaps  frequently  so  increased  that  they  could  with  diiFiculty 
support  themselves,  a  portion  separated  therefrom,  who  took  up 
and  settled  tlie  neigliboiiring  places.  The  Patriarchs  of  the  Old 
Testament,  finding  themselves  altogether  too  many  in  their  coun- 
try, sent  some  of  thoirs  into  the  uninhabited  valleys,  and  culti- 
vated these  accordingly.  The  Assyrians  wishing  to  enlarge  their 
Monarchy  caused  their  subjects  to  inhabit  the  invaded  countries 
in  great  numbers.  Those  of  tlie  Persian  Monarchy  did  no  less. 
But  the  Greeks  extended  their  limits  very  far ;  for  they  by  navi- 
gation peopled  entire  Islands,  as  appears  by  the  highly  learned 
Petrus  Culverius,  who  I'urnishes  us  correct  information  on  all 
points  in  his  published  Italy.  The  Romans  domineering  over 
the  western  world,  spread  colonies  all  over  it,  as  is  proved  by  the 
excavated  stones  Ibund  every  where  j  but  what  order  they 
observed  herein  is  well  known  to  us.  Those  sent  thitlier,  must 
acknowledge  tlie  senders  as  their  Lords,  pay  them  homage,  and 
remain  under  their  sovereignty ;  they  were  also  protected  by 
these  by  suitable  weapons  furnished  also  to  them.  And  whereas, 


I 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE    DUTCH.  35 

God  be  praised,  it  hatli  so  prospered  that  the  Honorable  I^orda 
Directors  of  the  West  India  Company  have,  with  the  consent  of 
the  Noble  High  &  Migiity  Lords  States  General,  undertaken  to 
plant  some  Colonies,  I  shall  give  the  p^ticulars  of  them,  as  fol- 
lows : — 

We  treated  in  our  preceding  Discourse  of  the  Discovery  of 
some  Rivers  in  Virginia;  the  studious  Reader  will 
count  of  Vir-  learn  how  alfairs  proceeded.  The  West  India  Compa- 
ny  being  chartered  to  navigate  these  Rivers,  did  not 
neglect  so  to  do,  but  equipped  in  the  spring  [of  1623]  a  vessel 
of  130  lasts,  called  the  JSCew  JVetherland  whereof  Cornells  Jacobs 
of  Hoorn  was  Skipper,  with  30  families,  mostly  Walloons,  to 
plant  a  colony  there.  They  sailed  in  the  beginning  of  March, 
and  directing  their  course  by  the  Canary  Islands,  steered  towards 
the  Wild  Coast,  and  gained  the  westwind  which  luckily  (took) 
them  in  the  beginning  of  May  into  the  River  called,  first  Rio  de 
Mwitagnes^  now  the  River  Mauritius^  lying  in  40^  degrees.  He 
found  a  Frenchman  lying  in  the  mouth  of  the  River,  who  would 
erect  the  arms  of  tlie  King  of  France  there ;  but  the  Hollanders 
would  not  permit  him,  opposing  it  by  commission  from  the  Lords 
States  General  and  the  Directors  of  the  West  India  Company ; 
and  in  order  not  to  be  frusti-ated  tlierein,  with  the  assistance  of 
those  of  the  Mackerel  which  lay  above,  they  caused  a  Yacht  of  2 
guns  to  be  manned,  and  convoyed  the  Frenchman  out  the  River, 
who  would  do  the  same  thing  in  the  South  River,  but  he  was  also 
prevented  by  the  settlers  there. 

This  being  done,  the  ship  sailed  up  to  the  May/cans^  44  miles, 
near  w^hicli  they  built  and  completed  a  Fort  named  "Orange" 
with  4  bastions,  on  an  Island,  by  them  caUed  Castle  Island. 
They  forthwith  put  the  spade  in  the  ground  and  began  to  plant, 
and  before  the  Mackerel  sailed,  the  grain  w^as  nearly  as  high  as  a 
man,  so  that  they  are  bravely  advanced.  They  also  placed  a 
Fort  named  "Wilhelmus"  on  Prince's  Island,  heretofore  called 
Mui-derer's  Island  ;  it  is  open  in  front,  and  has  a  curtain  in  the 
rear  and  is  garrisoned  by  sixteen  men  for  the  defence  of  the  River 
below.  On  leaving  there,  the  course  lies  for  the  west  wind,  and 
having  got  it,  to  the  Bermudas  and  so  along  the  channel  in  a 
short  time  towards  Patria.    The  Yacht,  the  Mackerel,  sailed  out 


36  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF    NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


last  year  on  the  16th  June  and  arrived  yonder  on  the  12th  of 
December.  That  was  somewhat  late,  but  it  wasted  time  in  the 
Indian  Islands,  to  catch  fish,  and  did  not  catch  any,  so  lost  this 
opportunity.  The  Hon^i%  Daniel  Van  Krieckebeeck,  for  brevity 
called,  Beeck,  was  Commissary  here,  and  so  did  his  duty  that  he 
was  thanked. 

Respecting  these  Colonies,  they  have  already  a  prosperous 
beginning ;  and  the  hope  is  that  they  will  not  fall  through 
order^ofjhe  provldod  they  be  zealously  sustained,  not  only  in  that 
place  but  in  the  South  River.  For  their  increase  and 
prosperous  advancetnent,  it  is  higlily  necessary  that  those  sent 
out  be  first  of  all  Avell  provided  with  means  both  of  support  and 
defence,  and  that  being  Freemen,  they  be  settled  there  on  a  free 
tenure  ;  that  all  they  work  for  and  gain  be  their's  to  dispose  of 
and  to  sell  it  according  to  their  pleasure  ;  that  whoever  is  placed 
over  them  as  Commander  act  as  their  Father  not  as  their  Execu- 
tioner, leading  them  with  u  gentle  hand ;  for  whoever  rules  them 
as  a  Friend  and  Associate  will  be  beloved  by  them,  as  he  who 
will  order  them  as  a  superior  will  subvert  and  nullify  every 
thing ;  yea,  they  will  excite  against  him  the  neighbouring 
provinces  to  which  they  wiU  fly.  'Tis  better  to  rule  by  love 
and  friendship  than  by  force. 


At  THE  same  time  that  the  fleet  arrived  from  Archangel,  a  large 
quantity  of  otter  skins  were  received  here  in  Amster- 
'^8ki'n8.°"'"^  dam  from  France,  finer  than  had  ever  been  seen  in  this 
country.  They  were  the  product  of  Canada  and  the 
circumjacent  places.  The  Tribes  are  in  the  habit  of  clothing 
themselves  with  them  ;  the  fur  or  hair  inside,  the  smooth  side 
without,  which,  however,  they  paint  so  beautifully  that,  at  a  dis- 
tance, it  resembles  lace.  It  is  the  opinion  that  they  make  use 
of  tlie  best  for  that  purpose;  what  has  poor  fur  they  deem 
unsuitable  for  their  clothing.  Wh(^n  they  bring  their  commodities 
to  the  Traders,  and  find  they  are  desirous  to  buy  them,  they 
make  so  very  litth^  mattrr  of  it,  that  they  at  once  rip  up  the  skins 
they  are  clothed  with  and  sell  them  as  being  the  best.    They  use 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK   BY  THE  DUTCH. 


37 


the  Beaver  gjfins  mostly  for  the  sleeves,  as  they  are  not  so 
expensive ;  and  they  frequently  come  several  days  journey  from 
the  interior,  to  exchange  theirs  with  the  Tribes. 
Agriculture  progresses  in  New  Netherland  in  tliis  wise.    It  is 

very  pleasant,  all  products  being  in  abundance,  though 
New  Netblr-  wlld.  Grapes  are  of  very  good  flavour,  but  will  be, 
^*"'^*  henceforwardbetter  cultivated  by  our  people.  Cherries 
are  not  found  there.  There  are  all  sorts  of  fowls,  both  in 
the  water  and  in  the  air.  Swans,  geese,  ducks,  bitterns,  abound^ 
The  men  scarcely  ever  labour,  except  to  provide  some  game, 
either  fowl  or  other  description,  for  cooking,  and  then  they  have 
provided  every  tiling.  The  women  must  attend  to  the  remain- 
der,  tilling  the  soil,  &c.  When  our  people  arrived  there,  tliey 
were  busy  cleaning  up  and  planting.  Before  this  vessel  had  left, 
the  harvest  was  far  advanced.  It  excites  httle  attention  if  any 
one  [of  the  Indians]  abandon  liis  wife  ;  in  case  she  have  children, 
they  usually  follow  her.  Their  summers  are  fine,  but  the  days 
there  are  shorter  than  with  us  here.  The  winters  are  severe, 
but  there  is  plenty  of  fuel,  as  the  country  is  well  wooded  and  it 
is  at  the  service  of  whoever  wants  it. 

There  is  some  respect  paid  to  those  in  authority  amongst  them ; 

but  these  are  no  wise  richer  than  others.  There  is 
cImT      always  so  much  ado  about  them  that  the  chief  is  feared  , 

and  obeyed  as  long  as  he  is  near,  but  he  must  shift  for 
himself  hke  others.  There  is  nothing  seen  in  his  house  more 
than  in  those  of  the  rest. 

As  regards  the  prosperity  of  New  Netherland,  we  learn  by 

the  arrival  of  the  ship  whereof  Jan  May  of  Hoorn, 
eJJi|Jatimr  was  sklppcr,  that  every  thing  there  was  in  good  condi- 
erianiL  '  tlou.    The  colouy  bcgau  to  advance  bravel/  and 

continues  in  friendship  with  the  natives.  The  fur,  or 
other  trade,  remains  in  the  West  India  company,  others  being 
forbidden  to  trade  there.  Rich  beavers,  otters,  martins  and 
foxes  are  found  there.  This  cargo  consists  of  five  hundred  otter 
skins,  and  fifteen  hundi-ed  beavers,  and  a  few  other  things,  which 
were  in  four  parcels,  for  twenty-eight  thousand,  some  hundred 
guilders.^ 

1  The  cargo  of  the  New  Netherland,  was  sold  in  Amsterdam  on  20th  Dec. 1624. 


38 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF   NETV-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH, 


This  country,  or  the  river  Montague,  called      our's  Mauri- 
tius,  was  first  sailed  to  by  the  worthy  Hendrick  Chris- 
How  the  river  tiacnscn  van  Cleef.    When  he  went  a  voyase  to  the 

was  cfiscover-  «'  o 

ed.  West  Indie^  he  happened  near  there.  But  his  vessel 
being  deeply  laden,  and  a  ship  belonging  to  Monichendam  having 
been  wrecked  in  that  neighborhood,  he  durst  not  approach  that 
land  ;  this  he  postponed,  being  desirous  to  do  so  another  time. 
It  so  happened  that  he  and  the  worthy  Adriaen  Block,  char- 
tered a  ship  with  the  skipper  Ryser,  and  accomplished  his  voyage 
thither,  bringing  back  with  him  two  sons  of  the  principal 
sachems  there.  Though  very  dull  men,  they  were  expert  enough 
in  knavery.  Hudson,  the  famous  English  pilot,  had  been  there 
also,  to  reach  the  south  sea,  but  found  no  passage  ;  as  men  wiH 
read  in  the  Netherlands  History,  in  the  year  1612. 

This  aforesaid  Hendrick  Cliristiaensz,  after  he  had  dissolved 
partners Wp  with  Adriaen  Block,  made  ten  voyages  thither,  in 
virtue  of  a  grant  from  the  Lords  States,  wlio  granted  liim  that 
privilege  for  tlie  first  establishment  of  the  place.  On  the  expi- 
ration of  that  privilege,  this  country  w^as  granted  to  the  West 
India  company,  to  draw  their  profits  thence  ;  as  has  already 
been  done,  and  shall  still  furtlier  increase  from  the  products 
which  are  manifest  there,  whereof  further  detail  will  be  given 
in  the  next,  as  much  depends  on  success. 


Good  care  having  been  taken  by  the  directors  of  the  West 
India  company,  in  tlie  spring  to  provide  everytliing  for 
B*qud"f  the  ^^^^  colony  iu  Virginia,  near  the  May /cans  on  the  river 
fcSd  c'lSly.'  Mauritius^  by  us  called  New  Netlierland,  special  atten- 
*     tion  was  dire-^ted  this  month,  (April,)  to  reinforce  it, 
as  follows  : 

As  the  country  is  well  adapted  for  agriculture  and  the  raising 
of  every  thing  that  is  produced  here,  the  aforesaid 
{foVofoIe"'^'"  Lords  resolved  to  take  advantage  of  tlie  circumstance, 
i^Su're.'*  and  to  provide  the  place  Avitli  many  necessaries,  through 
the  Honbie.  Pieter  Evertsen  Hulst,  who  undertook  to  ship 
thither,  at  his  risk  whatever  was  recjuisite,  to  wit  ;  one  hundred 
and  three  head  of  cattle  ;  stallions,  mares,  steers  and  cows,  for 


\ 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT   OF  NEW- YORK  BY    THE  DUTCH.  3(9 

breeding  and  multiplying,  besides  all  the  hogs  and  sheep  that 
iinight  be  thought  expedient  to  send  tliither  ;  and  to  distribute 
these  in  two  ships  of  one  hundred  and  forty  lasts,  in  such  a 
manner  that  they  should  be  well  foddered  and  attended  to. 
Each  animal  had  its  omi  stall,  with  a  floor  of  tliree  feet  of  sand  ; 
fixed  as  comfortably  as  any  stall  here.  Each  animal  had  its 
respective  servant  who  attended  to  it  and  knew  its  wants,  so  as  to 
preserve  its  health,  together  with,  all  suitable  forage,  such  as 
oats,  hay  and  straw,  &c.  In  addition  to  these,  country  people 
take  with  them  all  furniture  proper  for  the  dairy  ;  all  sorts  of 
Seed,  ploughs  and  agricultiu^al  implements,  so  that  nothing  is 
wanting.  What  is  most  remarkable  is,  that  nobody  in  the  two 
sliips  can  discover  where  tlie  water  is  stowed  for  these  cattle. 
As  it  was  necessary  to  have  another  [sliip]  on  that  account,  I 
shall  here  add : — the  above  parties  caused  a  deck  to  be  con- 
structed on  board.  Beneath  this  were  stowed  in  each  ship  three 
hundred  tons  of  fresh  water  whicn  was  pumped  up  and  thus 
distributed  among  the  cattle.  On  this  deck  lay  the  baUast  and 
thereupon  stood  the  horses  and  steers,  and  thus  there  was  no  waste. 
He  added  tlie  third  ship  so  that,  should  the  voyage  continue 
longer,  nothing  may  be  wanting  to  the  success  of  the  expe- 
dition. In  the  eyes  of  the  far  seeing,  the  plan  of  this  colony, 
which  lay  right  beside  the  Spanish  passage  from  the  West  Indies, 
was  wen  laid. 

In  company  with  these,  goes  a  fast  saUing  vessel  at  the  risk  of 
the  Directors.    In  these  aforesaid  vessels  also  go  six 

A  Yacht  goen  o  o 

at  the  risk  of  complete  famlhcs  with  some  freemen,  so  that  forty  five 

the  Directors.  ^  ' 

new  comers  or  inhabitants  are  taken  out,  to  remain 
there.  The  natives  of  New-  Netherland  are  very  weU  disposed 
so  long  as  no  injury  is  done  them.  But  if  any  wrong  be  com- 
mitted against  tliem  they  think  it  long  till  they  be  revenged  and 
should  any  one  against  whom  they  have  a  grudge,  be  peaceably 
walkmg  in  the  woods  or  going  along  in  liis  sloop,  even  after  a 
lapse  of  time,  they  will  slay  liim,  though  they  are  sure  it  will  cost 
them  their  fives  on  the  spot,  so  highly  prized  is  vengeance 
among  them 


40  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 

In  our  previous  discourses,  mention  is  made  of  New  Nether- 
land.    Here  is  addititional  information  :   On  furthd^ 

Continuation  .        .     .  n 

cfNewNeib- enquiry  it  is  lound,  that  they  have  a  chief  in  time  of 

erland.  a  *' 

war,  named  Sacjanmj  [Sachem]  but  above  him  is  a 
greater  Sacjama  (pointing  to  Heaven)  who  rules  the  sun  and 
moon.  When  tliey  wage  war  against  each  other,  they  fortify 
their  tribe  or  nation  with  palisades,  serving  them  for  a  Fort,  and 
sally  out  the  one  against  the  other.  They  have  a  tree  in  the 
centre,  on  which  they  place  sentinels  to  observe  the  enemy  and 
discharge  arrows.  None  are  exempt  in  war,  but  tlie  Priests, 
and  the  women  who  carry  their  husband's  arrows  and  food. 
The  meat  they  eat  consists  of  game  and  fish  ;  but  the  bread  is 
cakes  baked  fore-father's  fashion,  in  the  ashes  ;  they  almost  all 
eat  that  in  war.  They  are  a  wicked,  bad  people,  very  fierce  in 
arms.  Thir  dbgs  are  small.  When  the  Hon^ie  Lambrecht  van 
Twenhuyzen,  once  a  skipper' ,  had  given  them  a  big  dog,  and  it 
was  presented  to  them  on  ship-board,  they  were  very  much 
afraid  of  it ;  calUng  it,  also,  a  Sachem  of  dogs,  being  the 
biggest.  The  dog,  tied  with  a  rope  on  board,  was  very  furious 
against  them,  they  being  clad  like  beasts  with  skins,  for  he 
thought  they  were  game  ;  but  when  they  gave  him  some  of 
their  bread  made  of  Indian  corn,  which  grows  there,  he  learned 
to  distinguish  them,  that  they  were  men. 

There  are  oaks  of  very  close  grain  ;  yea,  harder  than  any  in 

in  this  country,  as  thick  as  three  or  four  men.  There 
p?^dJct8.  is  Red- wood  which  being  burned,  smells  very  agreeably; 

wlien  men  sit  by  the  fire  on  benches  made  from  it,  the 
whole  house  is  perfumed  by  it.  When  they  keep  watcli  by 
night  against  tlieir  enemies,  then  they  place  it  [the  fire]  in  the 
centre  of  their  huts,  -^o  warm  their  feet  by  it ;  they  do  not  sit, 
then,  up  in  tlie  tree,  but  make  a  hole  in  tlie  roof,  and  keep  watcli 
there,  to  prevent  attacks. 

Poisonous  plants  liave  been  found  there,  which  should  be 

studied  by  those  wlio  have  a  fancy  to  cultivate  land 

'  Heiidrick  Christiaenseu  carried  tliitlier,  by  order  of  his 
employers,  Bucks,  and  Goats,  also  Rabbits,  but  they  were  found 


1  Trailed  as  early  as  1614,  15,  to  this  country,  under  a  special  charter.  S«« 
Uiit.  N.  Nclherland  i,  74  et  ^eq. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  41 


poisoned  by  the  herbs.  The  Directors  intend  to  send  thither 
this  spring  voyage,  [1625]  a  quantity  of  hogs  wliich  will  be  of 
great  service  to  the  colony  ;  to  be  followed  by  cows,  with  young 
calves. 

Very  large  oysters,  sea  fish  and  river  fish  are  in  such  great 
abundance  there,  that  they  cannot  be  sold ;  and  in 

Of  the  fish.  ^  '  1  .  -,  -, 

rivers  so  deep,  as  to  be  navigated  upwaras  with 
large  ships. 

The  two  lads  brought  hither  by  Adriaen  Block,  were  named 
Orson  and  Valentine.    This  Orson  was  a  tlioroughly 

of  the  natives.  i         i  . 

wicked  scamp,  and  on  his  return  to  his  own  country 
was  the  cause  of  Hendrick  Christiaensen's  death ;  but  he  was 
paid  in  hke  coin.    He  got  a  buUet  as  his  recompense. 

Chastity  appeal's,  on  further  enquiry,  to  hold  a  place  among 
Of  the  them,  they  being  unwilling  to  cohabit  with  ours,  through 
Women.  ^^^|^  husbauds.     But  those  who  are  single, 

evince  every  friendly  disposition.  Further  information  is  neces- 
sary. Whatever  else  is  of  value  in  the  country,  such  as  mines 
and  other  ores  shall  by  time  and  further  exploration  be  made 
known  to  us.  Much  profit  is  to  be  expected  from  good  man- 
agement. 


At  the  same  time  arrived  a  ship  from  New  Netherland,  mostly 
with  Furs.    As  far  as  good  order  is  concerned,  aU  goes 

July.  well  there.  The  vessels  with  the  cattle  had  not  yet  got 
there;  the  crops  which  our  Colonists  had  planted,  looked 

weU,  but  there  was  no  certain  information  thereof   The  next 

will  bring  their  owners  good  news. 


A  SHIP  came,  at  the  same  time,  to  the  aforesaid  Company  from 
New  Germany,  loaded  mostly  with  peltries,  which  had  a 
A^S.Tp  from  favorable  voyage.    The  Cattle  carried  thither,  were 
un<L i*^^nioved  upwards  to  a  convenient  place  abounding  with 
grass  and  pasture.    Only  two  animals  died  on  tlie  pas- 
sage.   This  gave  great  satisfaction  to  the  adventurers,  who  had 
found  the  voyage  so  pleasiuit. 


42 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BV  THE  DUTCfi. 


In  our  preceding  Treatise  we  made  mention  of  New  Netlier- 

land  and  its  colony  planted  by  the  West  India  Compa- 
ofthfcoiony^^  '  ^ituate  in  Virginia  on  the  River,  called  by  the 
"wid'         French  Montaigne^  and  by  us,  Mauritius,  and  tliat  some 

families  were  sent  thither,  which  now  increased  to  two 
hundred  souls ;  and  afterwards  some  ships,  one  with  horses,  the 
other  with  cows,  and  the  third  hay ;  two  months  afterwards  a 
fleet  was  equipped,  carrying  sheep,  hogs,  wagons,  ploughs  and 
all  other  implements  of  husbandry. 

These  cattle  w^ere,  on  their  arrival,  first  landed  on  Nut  Island, 

three  miles  up  the  River,  where  they  remained  a  day 
Of  the  Cattle.  oT  two.    Thcrc  being  no  means  of  pasturing  them  there, 

they  were  shipped  in  sloops  and  boats  to  the  Manhates. 
right  opposite  said  Island.  Being  put  out  to  pasture  here,  they 
throve  weU,  but  afterwards  full  twenty  in  all  died  Tlie  cause 
of  this  was  that  they  had  eaten  something  bad  from  an  unculti- 
vated soil.  But  they  went  in  the  middle  of  September  [1625] 
on  new  grass,  as  good  -and  as  long  as  could  be  desired. 

The  Colony  was  planted  at  this  time,  on  the  Manhates  where 

a  Fort  was  staked  out  by  Master  Kryn  Frederycke  an 
Of  Fort  Am-  Eneinccr.    It  wiU  be  of  larsfe  dimensions.    The  ship 

Bterdam.  o  o  x- 

wilich  has  returned  home  this  month  (Nov.)^  brings 
samples  of  aU  the  different  sorts  of  produce  there.  The  cargo 
consists  of  7246  Beavers,  675  Otter  skins,  48  Minx,  36  Wildcat, 
and  various  other  sorts;  several  pieces  of  oak  timber,  and 
hickory. 

The  counting  house  there  is  kept  in  a  stone-building,  thatched 
with  reed ;  the  other  houses  are  of  the  bark  of  trees. 
The  actual   gacli  has  liis  own  liouse.    The  Director  and  Kcopman 

condition.  ^ 

Live  together ;  there  are  thirty  ordinary  liouses  on  the 
east  side  of  the  river  which  runs  nearly  north  and  south.  The 
Honbie.  pieter  Minuit  is  Director  there  at  present ;  Jan  Lempo 
Schout  [Sheriff] ;  Sebastiaen  Jansz  Crol  and  Jan  Huyck,  Com- 
forters of  the  Sick,  who,  wliilst  awaitine;  a  clergyman,  read  to  the 
Commonalty  there  on  Sundays,  from  t(»xts  of  Scripture  with  the 
Comment.  Francois  Molemaecker  is  busy  building  a  horse-mill, 
over  which  sliall  be  constructed  a  spacious  nwm  sufficient  to  ac/- 

1  The  Arm*  of  Amsterdam,  Bailed  from  the  Manhattans  on  23d  Soptr.  1626. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW- YORK  BV  THE  DUTCH.  43 

commodate  a  large  congregation,  and  then  a  tower  is  to  be  erected 
where  the  bells  brought  from  Porto  Rico  will  be  hung. 

The  Council  there  administered  Justice  in  criminal  matters  as 
far  as  imposing  fines  (boet-straffe),  but  not  as  far  as 
Of  the  coun.  capital  punishment.    Should  it  happen  that  any  one 
im.  the  year  ^gggj.^gg  ^|^^^^     must  bc  scnt  to  Hollaud  with  his  sen- 
tence.   Cornelis  May  of  Hoorn  was  in  the  year  1624, 
the  first  Director  there ;  Willem  Van  Hulst  was  the  second  in  the 
year  1625.    He  returns  now.    There  is  another  there 
who  fills  no  public  office ;  he  is  busy  about  his  own 
affairs.    Men  work  there  as  in  Holland ;  one  trades 
upwards,  southwards  and  northwards ;  another  builds  houses,  the 
third  farms.    Each  farmer  has  his  farm  and  the  cows  on  the  land 
purchased  by  the  Company ;  but  the  milk  remains  to  the  profit 
of  the  Boor ;  he  sells  it  to  those  of  the  people  who  receive  their 
wages  for  work  every  week.    Tlie  liouses  of  the  Hollanders  now 
stand  without  the  fort,  but  when  that  is  completed,  they  will  all 
repair  within,  so  as  to  garrison  it  and  be  secure  from  sudden 
attack. 

Those  of  the  South  River  will  abandon  their  Fort,  and  come 
hither ;  no  more  than  fifteen  or  sixteen  men  will  remain 
ofjj>e^south  at  Fort  Orange,  the  most  distant  point  at  wliich  the 
Hollanders  traded ;  the  remainder  wiU  come  down  to 
the  Manhates.  Right  opposite  is  the  fort  of  the  Maykans  which 
they  built  against  their  enemies,  the  Maquaes  [Mohawks]  a  pow- 
erful people. 

It  happened  this  year,  that  the  Maykans^  being  at  war  witli  the 
Maquaes^  requested  to  be  assisted  by  the  Commander 
War.  of  Fort  Orange  and  six  others.  Commander  Kriecke- 
beck  went  up  with  them  a  mile  from  the  Fort,  and  met 
the  Maquaes  who  peppered  them  so  bravely  with  a  discharge  of 
arrows,  that  they  were  forced  to  fly,  leaving  many  slain  among 
whom  were  the  Commander  and  three  of  his  men.  Among  the 
latter  was  Tymen  Bouwensz.,  whom  they  devoured, after  having 
well  cooked  him.  The  rest  they  burnt.  The  Commander  was 
buried  with  the  other  two  by  his  side.  Three  escaped ;  two  Por- 
tuguese and  a  Hollander  from  Hoorn.  One  of  the  Portuguese 
was  wounded  by  an  arrow  in  the  back  whilst  swimming.  The 


44  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 

Indians  carried  a  leg  and  an  arm  home  to  be  divided  among  tlieir 
families,  as  a  proof  that  they  had  conquered  their  enemies. 
Some  days  after  the  worthy  Pieter  Barentsen,  who  usually  was 

sent  upwards  and  along  the  coast  with  the  sloops,  visit- 
Apoiogy.     ed  them  ;  they  wished  to  excuse  their  act,  on  the  plea 

that  they  had  never  injured  the  whites  and  asked  the 
reason  why  the  latter  had  meddled  with  them ;  Had  it  been  otlier- 
wise,  they  would  not  have  acted  as  they  had. 

There  being  no  Commander,  Pieter  Barentsen  assumed  the 

Command  of  Fort  Orange  by  order  of  Director  Minuit. 
New  Com-   xiicre  wcTC  clfflit  families  there,  and  ten  or  twelve 

seamen  in  tlie  Company's  service.  The  fort  was  to  remain 
garrisoned  by  sixteen  men,  without  women,  and  the  families  were 
to  leave  there  this  year  in  order  to  strengtlien  with  people  the 
Colony  near  the  Manhates  who  were  becoming  more  and  more 
accustomed  to  the  strangers. 

Tiie  Natives  are  always  seeking  some  advantage  by  thieving. 

The  crime  is  seldom  punished  among  them.  If  any  one 
Living.       commit  that  offence  too  often  he  is  stript  bare  of  nis 

goods,  and  must  resort  to  other  means  anotb.er  time. 
The  husband  who  abandons  liis  wife  without  cause  must  leave 
all  lier's ;  in  like  manner  the  wife  the  husband's.  But  as  they 
love  the  children  ardently,  these  are  frequently  the  cause  of  their 
coming  again  together.  The  Girls  allow  their  hair  to  be  cut  all 
around,  like  the  priests,  when  they  are  unwell  for  the  first  time. 
They  work  apart  from  all  the  men  in  a  separate  house,  where 
food  is  furnislied  tliem  on  a  stick.  They  remain  therein  until 
they  are  sick  a  second  time.  Tlien  they  make  their  aj)poarfince 
abroad  again,  and  are  allowed  to  marry.  They  then  again  dress 
their  liair,  whicli  before  tiiey  would  *not  touch.  Tlie  married 
women  let  tlieir  hair  grow  to  tlie  waist  &  smear  it  with  oil.  When 
they  are  unwell  they  do  not  eat  witli  their  husbands,  and  they 
sup  tlieir  drink  out  of  the  hand.  Tlie  men  let  the  hair  grow  on 
one  side  of  the  head  tor  a  braid ;  the  rest  is  cut  oft'.  If  one  kill 
the  other,  it  is  not  punished;  whoever  it  concerns  meditates 
vengc;ance  il"  satisliiction  be  not  mudv.  In  the  month  of  August  a 
universal  tonnent  seizes  them,  so  that  they  run  like  men  possess- 
ed, regarding  neither  hedges  nor  ditches,  and  like  mad  dogs 


t 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  45 

resting  no  where  except  from  sheer  inability.   They  hold  this  in 
singular  respect.    The  Birds  most  common  are  wild  Pigeons  j 
these  are  so  numerous  tliat  they  shut  out  the  sunsliine. 
When  the  fort,  staked  out  at  the  Manhates,  will  be  completed, 
it  is  to  be  named  Amsterdam.    The  Fort  at  the  South 
"^^he^Fort.^^  River  is  already  vacated,  in  order  to  strengthen  the 
Colony.    For  purposes  of  trade,  only  one  yacht  is  sent 
there,  in  order  to  avoid  expense. 

The  Sickenanes  dwell  about  the  North,  between  the  Brownists 
and  the  Dutch.  The  chief  of  this  nation  liath  lately  made  an 
agreement  with  Pieter  Barents,  not  to  trade  with  any  other  than 
liim.  Jaques  Elekes  had  imprisoned  him  in  the  year  1622  in 
his  yacht  and  obliged  him  to  pay  a  heavy  ransom,  or  else  he 
should  cup  "  him.  He  paid  one  hundred  and  forty  fathoms  of 
Zeevnuj  which  consists  of  small  beads  they  manufacture  them- 
selves, and  which  they  prize  as  jewels.  On  this  account  he  has 
no  confidence  in  any  one  but  Barentsen  now. 

The  Brownists,  w^ho  live  beyond  them,  are  Enghshmen,  Avho 
removed  thither  by  consent  of  the  King.    They  are 
Bro^»4^sts.  called  Puritans,  because  they  seek  after  Purity  in  the 
Orthodox  religion.    They  wished  not  to  Mve  in  Eng- 
land ;  desiring  not  wealth,  but  merely  necessaries  and  frugality. 
The  most  distant  Nations  from  there,  known  to  the  traders, 
are  the  Indians  from  French  Canada.    Thereabout  are 
Nations,  the  OranJcokx,  the  Achkokx  and  others,  both  men  and 
w^omen.    On  entering  the  River,  if  they  bring  women 
with  them,  'tis  a  sign  they  are  friends  ;  if  they  visit  the  yachts 
without  these,  every  one  must  be  on  his  guard. 

The  belief  of  the  Maikans  regarding  the  separation  of  the 
Soul  is,  that  it  goes  up  westward  on  leaving  the  body. 
^"smiL  ^  There  'tis  met  with,  great  rejoicing  by  the  others  who 
died  previously ;  there  they  wear  black  Otter  or  Bear 
skins,  which  among  them  are  signs  of  gladness.  They  have  no 
desire  to  be  with  them.  The  Mahieuj  Captain  of  the  Maykansy 
who  is  named  Cat,  pretends  that  Death  is  the  offspring  of  the 
Devil,  who  is  evil.  A  Skipper  denying  this,  said,  God  had 
control  over  Death.  Thereupon  he  asked,  if  He  being  good  had 
the  power  to  give,  or  take  away,  hfe  ?    And  he  was  answered. 


46 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH, 


Yea ;  which  he  could  not  understand,  how  this  good  God  should 
inflict  Evil,  that  is  Death.  But  there  was  no  one  to  furnish  Mm 
proper  instruction  ;  he  therefore  remains  in  his  darkness.  When 
they  have  a  corpse,  they  place  it,  in  the  act  of  dying,  squat  on 
the  heels,  like  children  sitting  in  this  country  before  the  fire ; 
and  so  lay  it  in  the  grave,  all  sitting ;  its  face  to  the  East. 

It  appears  that  the  Sickajiaiuersj  before  mentioned,  make  a 
sort  of  sacrifice.  They  have  a  hole  in  a  hill  in  which 
®^e"lkkaL.  tl^ey  place  a  kettle  full  of  all  sorts  of  articles  that  they 
have,  either  by  them,  or  procured.  When  there  is  a 
great  quantity  collected  a  snake  comes  in,  then  they  all  depart, 
and  the  Manittou^  that  is  the  Devil,  comes  in  the  night  and  takes 
the  kettle  away,  according  to  the  statement  of  the  Koutsinacka, 
or  Devil  hunter,  who  presides  over  the  ceremony. 

This  Pieter  Barentz,  already  spoken  of,  is  conversant  with  all 
the  Tribes  thereabout ;  he  traded  with  the  Sickenames, 
^uingLges.  whom  the  whole  North  coast  is  tributary  ;  with  the 
SinnekoXj  Waj)pe?ioXj  Maquaes  and  Maikans^  so  that  he 
visited  all  the  Tribes  with  sloops  and  traded  in  a  friendly  manner 
with  them,  only  for  peltries.  And  he  brought  back  this  year  a 
valuable  cargo  in  the  ship  the  Arms  of  Amsterdam,  whereof 
Adriaen  Joris  is  Skipper,  who  went  out  there  on  the  19^''  of 
December  of  the  year  1625  with  the  ship  the  Sea-gull  {het 
Meeutje)  and  conveyed  Pieter  Minuit  aforesaid,  who  now  sends 
for  his  wile  tliithei.    The  Sea  gull  arrived  there  4*'>  May,  1626. 


Two  SHIPS  came  from  New  Netherland  for  the  benefit  of  the 
said  (W.  1.)  Company,  with  ten  thousand  Peltries,  or 
\vi!  imua'  skins,  togetlier  with  a  large  quantity  of  timber,  fit  for 
^icw  N.S.T?-  ^^^^  building  of  the  vessels  which  are  shortly  to  be 
launclied.  Those  ships  wore  despatcht  by  the  Com- 
mander there,  called  Minuict ;  one  ship  was  the  Three  Kings, 
Skipper  Jan  Jacobsz.  of  Wieringh;'  the  other  was,  the  Arms 
of  Amsterdam. 

1  Sent  in  1627  from  the  Dutch  as  Uelogalc  lo  New  Plymouth. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  47 


The  government  over  the  people  of  New  Netherland  continued 
on  the  19th  of  August  of  this  year  in  the  aforesaid 
Government.  Minuict,  successor  to  Verhulst,  who  went  thither  from 
Holland  on  9^^  January,  Anno,  1626,  and  took  up  Ms 
residence  in  the  midst  of  a  nation  called  Manhatesj  building  a 
fort  there,  to  be  caUed  Amsterdam,  having  four  points  and  faced 
outside  entirely  with  stone,  as  the  walls  of  sand  fall  down,  and 
are  now  more  compact.  The  population  consists  of  tw^o  hundred 
and  seventy  souls,  including  Men,  Women  and  Cliildren.  They 
remained  as  yet  without  the  Fort,  in  no  fear,  as  the  Natives  Uve 
peaceably  with  them.  They  are  situate  tliree  miles  from  the 
Sea,  on  the  River  by  us  called  Mauritius^  by  others,  Rio  de 
Montague. 

These  strangers  for  the  most  part  occupy  their  farms.  What- 
ever they  require  is  supplied  by  the  Directors.  The 
Occupation.  Wlutcr  grain  has  turned  out  weU  there,  but  the  Summer 
grain  which  ripened  before  it  w^as  half  grown  in  conse- 
quence of  the  excessive  heat,  was  very  hght.    The  cattle  sent 
thither  have  had  a  good  increase,  and  every  thing  promises  better, 
as  soon  as  the  land  is  improved,  which  is  very  poor  and  scrubby. 
There  are  now  no  families  at  Fort  Orange,  situated  higlicr  up 
State  of    ^  River  among  the  Maikans.    They  are  all  brought 
Orange,    (^q-^^u.    Thcy  keep  five  or  six  and  twenty  persons, 
Traders,  there.    Bastiaen  Jansz  Crol  is  Vice  Director  there  ; 
he  remained  there  since  the  year  1626,  when  the  others  came 
down. 

Those  of  the  West  India  Company  have  removed  all  those 
who  were  at  the  South  River.    Only  one  trading  vessel 
Trade.       is  kept  thcrc.    Traders  who  come  from  a  great  distance 
make  mention  of  Lion  skins  which  wiU  not  be  bartered, 
because  they  are  used  for  clothing,  being  much  warmer  than 
others. 

Beyond  the  South  River, in  37  degrees,  Englislimen  are  settled, 
freemen,  but  planted  there  by  Merchants  on  condition 
N^ti^a'^    that  they  deliver  as  much  tobacco  to  their  masters  as 
is  agreed  on  ;  the  remainder  is  their  own.  Considerable 
trade  was  carried  on  with  them,  and  many  ships  come  thither 
from  England. 


48 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


On  the  North  side  are  the  English  Brownists,  who  maintain 
Another    thcmselves  very  well  and  acquii-e  considerable  strength, 
Nation,     supporting  their  reputation  bravely  with  the  Natives, 
whom  they  do  not  fear,  having  acted  strictly  with  these  from  the 
first,  and  so  continuing. 
In  the  beginning  of  this  year,  war  broke  out  between  the 
Maikans  near  Fort  Orange  and  the  Makwaes,  but  these 
War.        beat  and  captured  the  Maikans  and  drove  off  the 
remainder  who  have  settled  towards  the  North  by  the 
Fresh  River,  so  called ;  ^  where  they  begin  again  to  cultivate  the 
soil ;  And  thus  the  war  terminated. 
After  the  Right  Hon^ie  Lords  Directors  of  the  Privileged  West 
India  Company  in  the  United  Netherlands,  had  provided 
Freedoms  dcfcuce  of  Ncv*^  Ncthcrlaud  and  put  every  tiling 

granted  to  the  there  in  ffood  order,  they  takinaj  into  consideration  the 

Inhabitants  of  °  j         >/  <3 

i^d  advantages  of  said  place,  the  favorable  nature  of  the 
air,  and  soil,  and  that  considerable  Trade  and  goods 
and  many  commodities  may  be  obtained  from  thence,  sent  some 
persons,  of  tlieir  own  accord,  thither  with  aU  sorts  of  cattle  ?.ad 
implements  necessary  for  agriculture,  so  that  in  the  year  1G28 
there  already  resided  on  the  Island  of  the  Manhattes^  two  liundred 
and  seventy  souls,  men,  women  &  children,  under  Governor 
Minuit,  Verhulst's  successor,  living  tliere  in  peace  with  the 
Natives.  But  as  the  land,  in  many  places  being  full  of  weeds 
and  wild  productions,  could  not  be  properly  cultivated  in  conse- 
quence of  the  scantiness  of  the  population,  tlie  said  Lords 
Directors  of  the  West  India  Company,  the  better  to  people  tbeir 
lands,  &  to  bring  the  country  to  produce  more  abundantly, 
resolved  to  grant  divers  Privileges,  Freedoms  and  Exemptions 
to  all  Patroons,  Masters  or  Individuals  wlio  should  plant  any 
Colonies  and  cattle  in  New  Netlierland,  and  they  accordingly 
have  constituted  and  published  in  print  these  following  Exemp- 
tions, to  afford  better  encouragement  and  infuse  greater  zeal 
into  wliomsoever  sliould  be  incUned  to  reside  and  plant  his 
Colonie  in  New  Netherland. 

[Here  fr)llow8  the  Charter  of  Patroons,"  already  printed  in  various  works 
on  the  History  of  New-York.] 

1  Connecticut  River. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


40 


EARLY  DUTCH  SETTLEMENT  ON  THE  DELAWARE. 

[Deed  Book,  VII.J 

N.York,  february  14:  1684-5. 

The  Deposicon  of  Catelina  Trico  aged  fouer  score  yeares  or 
thereabouts  taken  before  the  right  honobie.  Coll°.  Thomas  Don- 
gan  Leu^  and  Governour  under  his  Royii.  high^s.  James  Duke 
of  Yorke  and  Albany  etc.  of  N  York  and  its  Dependen- 
cyes  in  America  wlio  saith  and  Declares  in  the  p' sens  of  God  as 
followeth 

That  she  Came  to  this  Province  either  in  the  yeare  one  thou- 
sand six  hundred  and  twenty  three  or  twenty  fouer  to  the  best 
of  her  remembrance,  and  that  fouer  Women  Came  along  with 
her  in  the  same  Shipp,  in  wliich  ship  the  Governo'^  Arian 
Jorissen  Came  also  over,  which  fouer  Women  were  married  at 
Sea  and  that  they  and  their  husbands  stayed  about  three  Weekes 
at  this  place  and  then  they  with  eight  seamen  more  went  in  a 
vessell  by  ord^  of  the  Dutch  Governor,  to  Dellaware  River  and 
there  settled.  This  I  Certifie  under  my  hand  and  y®  scale  of 
this  province. 

THO.  DONGAN. 

The  Deposicon  of  Arien  Dirksen  Korn  aged  about  sixty  five 
yeares  being  Deposed  saith 

That  he  Came  in  tliis  Country  of  New  York  formerly  called 
the  new  Netherlands  in  the  yeare  one  thousand  six  hund^.  and 
thkty  the  of  May  with  the  ship  Vnity  John  Brower  Com- 
mander and  hath  ever  since  continued  here  in  tliis  coimtry,  and 
saith  further  that  att  the  said  time  of  Ills  arrivall  here  this  Depo- 
nent heard  and  was  Informed  by  persons  then  arriving  here  from 
Delleware  River  that  the  said  River  w^as  settled  by  the  dutch 
west  India  Company  who  had  sent  a  parcell  of  men  there  in 
order  to  whale  fishing,  and  this  Deponent  saith  further  that  some 
short  time  After  to  his  best  Remembrance  it  was  about  one  yeare 
or  one  yeare  and  a  half  after  news  Came  liere  att  New  York  fronl 
Deleware,  that  all  the  said  people  in  Delleware  were  Cutt  of  hy 
the  Indians,  and  fiu-ther  this  Deponent  saith  nott. 

Vol.  hi.  4 


50  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 

Deposed  by  the  said  Aron  Dirksen  Korn  Coram  me  the  16*^. 
March  1684-5. 

Peter  Lawrrnsen  aged  sixty  seaven  yeares  being  deposed  saith 
that  he  came  into  tliis  Province  a  servant  to  tlie  west  india  Com- 
pany in  the  yeare  1628  and  in  the  yeare  1630  by  order  of  the 
West  india  Company  hee  with  seven  more  were  sent  in  a  sloope 
with  hoy  sayle  to  dellaware  where  the  Company  had  a  trading 
house  with  ten  or  twelve  servants  belonging  to  it  which  the 
deponant  himselfe  did  see  there  settled,  and  he  further  saith  that 
at  his  returne  from  Delaware  River  the  said  vessell  stopt  at  the 
hoorekill  where  the  Deponant  did  alsoe  see  a  settlem*.  of  a  brick- 
house  belonging  to  the  west  India  Companyj  and  the  Deponant 
further  saith  that  upon  an  Island  neare  the  faUs  of  that  River 
and  neare  the  west  side  thereof  the  said  Company  some  three  or 
fouer  yeares  afore  had  a  trading  house  where  there  were  three 
or  foure  familyes  of  Walloons  the  place  of  there  settlem'.  he  saw 
and  that  they  had  been  seated  there  he  was  Informed  by  some  of 
file  said  Walloons  themselves  When  they  were  returned  from 
thence  and  further  tliis  Deponent  saith  not. 

Tills  Deposicon  was  taken  upon  oath  before 
me  which  I  doe  Certifie  under  the  scale 
of  this  Province  this  24th  of  March  Ao. 
1684-5  in  New  Yorke. 

T.  D. 


THE  FIllST  WHITE  WOMAN  IN  ALBANY. 

[  N.  Y.  Col:  MSS.  XXXV.  ] 

Catelyn  Trico  aged  about  83  years  born  in  Paris  doth  Testify 
and  Declare  that  in  y«  year  1623  she  came  into  this  Country 
a  Ship  called  y«  Unity  whereof  was  Commander  Arien  Jorise 
belonging  to  y^  West  India  Curai)any  being  y<^  first  Ship  y*  came 
here  for  y®  Company ;  as  soon  as  they  came  to  Mannatans 
now  called  N:  York  they  sent  Two  families  &  six  men  to  harford 
River  &  Two  families  &  8  men  to  Delaware  River  and  8  men 
they  left  att  N:  Yorke  to  take  Possession  and  y^  Rest  of  y« 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  51 

Passengers  went  w*^  y«  Ship  up  as  farr  as  Albany  which  they 
then  Called  fort  Orangie  When  as  y^  Ship  came  as  farr  as  Sopus 
which  is  J  way  to  Albanie ;  they  lightned  ye  Ship  w*'»  some 
boats  y^  were  left  there  by  y®  Dutch  that  had  been  there  yc  year 
before  a  tradeing  w*''  y®  Indians  upont  there  oune  accompts  & 
gone  back  again  to  Holland  &  so  brought  y^  vessel  up ;  there 
were  about  18  families  aboard  who  settled  themselves  att  Albany 
&  made  a  small  fort ;  and  as  soon  as  they  had  built  themselves 
some  hutts  of  Bark:  y^  Mahikanders  or  River  Indians.  y« 
Maquase  :  Oneydes :  Onnondages  Cayougas.  &  Sinnekes,  w*^ 
y«  Mahawawa  or  Ottawawaes  Indians  came  &  made  Covenants 
of  friendship  ye  s^  Arien  Jorise  there  Commander  Bringing 
him  great  Presents  of  Bever  o^  oy  Peltry  &  desyred  that  they 
might  come  &  have  a  Constant  free  Trade  with  them  w<^'»  was 
concluded  upon  &  y^  s^^  nations  came  dayly  with  great  multidus 
of  Bever  &  traded  them  w^^  Christians,  there  s^  Comman' 
Arien  Jorise  staid  with  them  all  winter  and  sent  his  sonne  home 
with  ye  ship  ;  y®  s*^  Deponent  lived  in  Albany  three  years  all 
which  time  y®  s^  Indians  were  all  as  quiet  as  Lambs  &  came  & 
Traded  with  all  ye  freedom  Imaginable,  in  y®  year  1626  ye 
Deponent  came  from  Albany  &  settled  at  N:  Yorke  where  she 
lived  afterwards  for  many  years  and  then  came  to  Long  Island 
where  she  now  lives. 

The  s^  Catelyn  Trico  made  oath  of  y^ 
Deposition  before  me  at  her  house 
on  Long  Island  ill  y«  Wale  Bought 
tills  17th  day  of  October  1688. 

WILLIAM  MORRIS 
Justice  of  ye  pece 


52 


FIRST  SETTLEiMENT  OF   NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


EARLY  IMMIGRANTS  TO  NEW  NETHERLAND; 
1657  —  1664. 

1657. 

April;   In  the.  Draetvat. 
Arent  Janssen;  house  carpenter,  and  Wife  and  daughter. 
Marcus  de  Chousoy,  and  Wife,  two  workmen,  and  two  boys. 
Tennis  Craey,  from  Venlo,  and  Wife  and  four  children  &  two  servants. 
Heinrich  Stoeff. 

Jacob  Hcndricksen  Haen;  painter. 
Adriaen  Vincent. 
Johannis  Smeides. 
Dirk  Buyskes. 

December;   In  the  Gilded  Otter. 
Claes  Pouwelson  from  Detmarsum;  mason. 
Jan  Jansen  van  den  Bos;  mason,  and  his  Brother. 

Ditto;   In  the  Jan  Baptiste. 
Jan  Sudeich,  and  Wife  and  two  Children. 
Claes  Sudeich. 

Adam  Breemen,  from  Aecken. 

Douwe  Claessen  from  Medemblick ;  mason. 

Cornells  Barentsen  Vande  Kuyl. 

Thys  Jacobsen. 

1658. 

May;   In  the  Moesman. 
Jan  Adriaensen  van  Duyvelant. 
Christina  Bleyers  from  Stoltenau. 
Ursel  Dircks  from  Holstein  &  2  children. 
Geertzen  Buyers. 

Ditto;    In  the  Gilded  Beaver. 
Jan  Barentsen  house  Carpenter,  and  Workman. 
Anthony  de  Mis  from  Haerlem,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
The  Wife  of  Andries  vander  Sluys;  Clerk  in  Fort  Orange,  and  child. 
Charel  Fonteyn;  a  Frenchman,  and  Wife. 

Peter  Claessen,  from  Holstein;  farmer  &  Wife  and  two  children. 

Gerrit  Gerritsen  van  Gillhuys;  Taylor. 

Jan  Jansen;  house  Carpenter,  &  Wife  and  four  children. 

Jan  Gouwenberch,  from  Hoorn. 

Adriaen  van  Lacr,  from  Amsterdam,  &  servant. 

Jan  Gerretscn  Buytenhuys;  Baker,  &  Wife  and  sucking  child. 

Willem  van  Vredenburch. 

Cornells  Andricssen  Iloogland;  Taylor. 

Peter  van  Ilalen,  from  Utrecht,  &  Wife,  two  children,  and  boy. 
8imon  Bouchr. 

Cornelia  Hcndricksen  van  Ens. 
Jan  Evcrtscn  van  Gloockcns. 
Trynljc  PiclcrB;  Maiden. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH.  53 


June;   In  the  Brownfish. 
Jannetje  Volckertse  Wife  of  Evert  Luykese;  Baker,  and  daughter. 
Douwe  Harmsen,  from  Friesland,  &  Wife  and  four  children. 
Adriaen  Jansen,  from  Zea-land;  fisherman. 
Francois  Abrahamsen,  from  Flissingcn. 
Joris  Jansen,  from  Hoorn;  House  Carpenter. 
Jan  Aerensen  van  Kampcn;  Farmer. 
Jan  Isbrands;  rope  maker. 
Huybert  de  Bruyn. 

Machteld  Stoffclsen;  Widow,  is  acquainted  with  agriculture. 

Dirck  Smith,  Ensign  in  the  Company's  Service  i,  &  a  sucking  child, 

Jannetje  Hermans;  maiden,  and  her  Brother  Jan  Harmensen. 

Maria  Claes;  maiden. 

Francisco  de  Gordosa  from  Davingen. 

Charles  Garet. 

Jan  Leynie,  from  Paris. 

Dorigcman  Jansen,  from  Dordrecht  &  his  bride. 
Claes  Wolf,  from  the  Elbe;  Sailor. 
Harmen  Dircksen  from  Norway  &  Wife  and  child. 
Adam  van  Santen,  &  Wife  and  two  children. 

1659. 

Febrttary;   In  the  Faith, 
Jan  Woutersen,  from  Ravesteyn;  shoemaker,  &  Wife  and  daughter. 
Catalyntje  Cranenburg;  maiden. 

Jan  van  Coppenol,  from  Remsen;  farmer,  &  Wife  and  2  children. 
Matthys  Roelofs,  from  Denmark,  &  Wife  and  child. 
Sophia  RoeloflTs. 

Geertruy  Jochems,  from  Hamburgh;  Wife  of  Claes  Claessenfrom  Amersfoort, 
now  in  N.  Netherland;  and  two  children. 
Peter  Corneliss,  from  Holsteyn;  Labourer. 
Peter  Jacobs,  from  Holsteyn. 

Josyntje  Verhagen,  from  Middclburg,  &  daughter. 
Saertge  Hendricks,  from  Delft. 

Egbert  Meynderts,  from  Amsterdam,  &  Wife  and  child  and  servant. 
Jan  Leurens  Noorman  &  Wife. 

Harmen  Coerten,  from  Voorhuysen,  &  Wife  and  5  Children, 
Magalantje  Teunis,  from  Voorhuysen. 
Feytje  Dircks. 

Gill  is  Jansen  van  Garder,  &  Wife  and  four  children, 

Bastiaen  Clement,  from  Doornick. 

Adriaen  Fournoi,  from  Valenciennes. 

Jannetje  Eyckers,  from  East  Friesland. 

Joris  Jorissen  Townsen,  from  Redfort;  mason. 

Nicholas  Gillissen  Marschal. 

Wouter  Gerritsen  van  Kootuyck. 

Jan  Jacobsen,  from  Utrecht;  farmer,  &  Wife,  mother  and  two  children, 
Arent  Francken  van  Iperen. 

1  Served  in  the  Esopus  war  with  great  credit ;  he  died  Anno  1660  to  the  regret  of  the  Dlrectot 
General  and  council.   His  widow  thereupon  returned  to  Holland.  Ed. 


54 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


Dennys  Isacksen,  from  Wyck  by  Daurstede. 
Weyntje  Martens  van  Gorehem. 

Vroulje  Gerrits,  wife  of  Cosyn  Gerrilsen;  Wheelwright. 
Jan  Dircksen,  from  Alckmaer,  &  Wife  and  three  children. 
Nettert  Jansen,  fromEmbden. 

Epke  Jacobs,  from  Harlingen ;  farmer,  and  wife  and  five  sons. 

Stoffiel  Gerritsen  from  Laer. 

Jan  Meynderts,  from  Iperen;  farmer,  and  Wife, 

Jan  Barents  Ameshof,  from  Amsterdam. 

Symon  Drune  from  Henegouw. 

Hendrick  Harmensen,  from  Amsterdam. 

Evert  Cornellissen,  from  the  vicinity  of  Amersfoort. 

Laurens  Jacobs  van  der  Wielen. 

Jannetje  Theunis  van  Ysselstein. 

Jan  Roelofsen,  van  Naerden  ;  farmer. 

Jacob  Hendricks,  from  the  Highland,  and  maid  servant. 

Goossen  van  Twiller,  from  New-Ke;k. 

Lawrens  Janssen,  from  VV'ormer. 

Jan  Harm  ens,  from  Amersfoort;  Taylor,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 
Evert  Marschal;  glasier,  from  Amsterdam  and  Wife  and  daughter. 
Boele  Roelofsen,  Joncker,  and  wife  and  four  children,  besides  his  Wife** 
sister  and  a  boy. 

Ditto;  In  the  Otter. 
Carel  Bevois,  from  Leyden;  and  Wife  anil  three  children. 
Marten  Warnarts  Stolten,  from  SwoU. 
Cornells  Jansen  vander  veer;  farmer. 

Jan  Luycas,  from  Oldenseel ;  shoemaker,  and  Wife  and  suckling. 
Roelof  Dircksen,  from  Sweden. 
Sweris  Dirxsz,  from  Sweden. 

April;  In  the  Beaver. 
Peter  Arentsen  Diesvelt;  taylor. 
Amaileas  Fo  igio.  Frenchman,  farmer. 
Jacques  Reneau,  Frenchman;  Agiiculturer.  ' 
Jacques  Monier,  Frenchman;  Agriculturer.  ' 
Pierre  Monier,  Frenchman;  Agiiculturer. 
Matthicu  Savariau,  Frenchman;  Agriculturer.  « 
Pierre  Grissaut,  Frenchman  ;  Agriculturist. 
Mainlien  Jans,  from  Amsterdam;  maiden. 
Peter  Follenacr,  from  H.iselt. 
Cornells  Michielscn,  from  Mcdemblick. 
Griefje  Christians,  from  Tonningen. 

Claes  Jansen,  from  Purmercntl;  wheelwright,  and  Wife,  servant  and  child. 
Marten  van  de  Wert,  from  Utrecht;  hatter. 
Peter  van  Ecke;  planter,  from  Lcydcn. 
Jacobus  vander  Schclling,  and  his  boy. 

Albert  Theunisscn  vcrnipulcn,  from  Rotterdam,  and  Wife  and  four  chil- 
dren. 

Geertry  van  Mculon;  maiden. 
Ilanneljn  Rnyfenbccic,  maidon. 
Matthew  Andricssen,  from  Petera-houck. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF    NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH, 


55 


Hendrick  Theunisz  Hellinck  and  wife. 
Lawrens  vaa  der  Spiegel  van  Vlissingen. 

Ditto;  In  the  Moesman, 
Lysbcth  Arents,  Wife  of  Corn :  Barents,  and  daughter. 
Aertje  Leenders;  widow,  from  Amsterdam. 
Barent  van  Loo  from  Elburg. 

Willem  Jansen,  from  Rotterdam,  Fisherman,  and  Wife  and  sucking  child, 
and  maid  servant. 
Peter  Petersen,  alias  Pia,  from  Picardy,  and  Wife  and  daughter. 
Dirch  Belet,  from  Breda;  cooper. 
Louis  Aertz,  from  Bruges;  planter. 

Gerrit  Corn,  van  Niew-Kerk,  and  Wife  and  boy  and  sucking  child. 

Engelbrecht  Sternhuysen,  fromSoest;  Tailor. 

Thys  Jansen,  from  TerGouw;  Agriculturist. 

Albert  Petersen;  mason. 

Geerty  Claesen. 

Gerrit  Petersen. 

Giliis  Mandevillc. 

December;  In  the  Faith, 

Christiaen  de  Lorie,  from  St.  Malo. 
Hendrick  Jansen  Spiers  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Adriaen  Huybertsen  Sterrevelt;  Agriculturist. 
Harmen  Stepfer,  from  the  Dutchy  of  Cleef. 
Joost  Adriaensen  Pynacker,  from  Delft. 

Philip  Langelens;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 

Hendrick  Bos,  from  Leyden,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 

Gerrit  Gerritsen,  from  Wageningen,  and  Wife  and  one  child. 

William  Aertsen,  from  Wagoning. 

Gerrit  van  Manen,  from  Wagening. 

Albert  Gerritsen,  from  Wagening. 

Jan  Gerritsen  Hagel. 

Hendrick  Jansen,  from  Wagening. 

Jan  Aertsen,  from  Amersfoort. 

Jacob  Jansen,  from  Amersfoort. 

Tys  Jansen,  from  Amersfoort. 

Wessel  Wesselsen,  from  Munster. 

Adolph  Hardenbroeck,  and  AVife  and  Son. 

Claes  Theunissen,  from  Gorcum,  and  his  servant,  and  boy. 

Lubber t  Harmensen,  from  Overyssel, 

Lammert  Huybertsen,  from  Wagening,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Jan  Harmans  and  Wife  and  sucking  child. 
Roeloft  Hendricks  from  Drenthe. 
Femmetje  Hendricksen,  maiden. 
Maria  Mooris,  from  Arnhem,  maiden. 

Marten  Abrahamsen,  from  Bloemendael,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 

The  Wife  of  Hans  Sodurat,  Baker,  and  two  children. 

Leendert  Arentsen  Groenevelt,  and  Wife. 

Aeltje  Jacobsen ;  maiden. 

Willem  Petersen,  from  Amersfoort. 

Claes  Tysen ;  cooper,  and  two  children. 


66 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF    NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


1660. 

March;  In  the  Love, 
Wiggert  Ileindera,  from  TerGouvv;  Farmer. 
Maritje  Jansen  maiden. 

Bart  Jansen,  from  Amsterdam;  mason,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 

Cornelis  Davilsen  Schaets;  wheel  right. 

Laurens  Harraens,  from  Holstein  and  Wife. 

Dirck  Gerritsen  vandienfrom  Tricht;  Agriculturer. 

Ditto  ;  In  the  Moesman. 

Peter  Lourens  and  Wife. 

Hendrick  Jansen,  from  Amersfoort,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 

riTTO;  In  the  Gilded  Beaver. 
Annetje  Abrahams;  maiden. 
Cornelis  Niesen's  Wife. 

Jonas  Bartesen,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Maria  Jans;  Orphan  Daughter. 

April;  In  the  Spotted  Cow* 
Jan  Soubanich,  from  Byle  in  Drenthe. 
Albert  Janss;  from  Drenthe. 
Peter  Jacobs,  from  East  Friesland. 
Cornelis  Bartels,  from  Dren.he. 

Steven  Koorts,  from  Drenthe  and  Wife  and  seven  children. 
Jan  Kevers,  from  the  Landscape  Drenthe,  and  Wife. 

Focke  Jansen  from  Drenlhe;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  seven  children. 
Claes  Arcntsen,  from  Drenlhe,  and  Wife  and  three  children,  and  boy. 
Go  vert  Egberts,  from  Meppelt,  farmer's  servant. 
Evertje  Dircks,  from  Drenthe;  maiden. 
Egbertje  Dircks,  from  Drenthe;  maiden. 

Peter  Jansen;  shoemaker  from  Drenthe,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 
Coert  Gartens,  from  Drenthe,  farmer's  servant. 

Roeloft  Swartwout;  Agriculturist.    [On  his  return  to  N.  Netherland  wher* 
he  had  previously  resided.] 
Cornelis  Jacobs  van  Leeuwen;  in  the  service  of  Swartwout. 
Arent  Mcuwens,  from  Gclderland;  in  Swartwout's  service. 
Ariaen  Iluyberts,  from  Jena;  in  Swartwout's  service. 
Peter  Ilinham,  from  Nimwegen ;  Tailor. 

Albert  Heymans;  Agriculturist,  from  Gelderland  and  Wife  and  eight  children. 
Jan  Jacobsen  Mol. 
Annelje  Ilarmens;  maiden. 
Belolje  Foppe. 

Elias  Gyseling,  from  Zealand. 

Roll  of  Soldiers  embarked  in  the  Ship  Moesman,  for  JYw 
JSTetherlandy  0th  March,  1660. 

Peter  Gysen  from  Doornick  Adclborst,  Jan  God-friend  from  Brusscl. 
with  his  wife. 

Harmon  Hendricks  from  Dcventcr.  Jan  Jansen  from  Duynkcrken. 

William  vandcr  Bccckc  from  Oudcnaerde.  Picter  Bcyard  from  Nicupoort. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK   BY  THE  DUTCH.  57* 


Jacob  Jansen  from  Muyden.  Willem  van  Schure  from  Leuven. 

Andries  Norman  from  Steenwyck.  Adrianus  Forbiet  from  Brussel. 

Marten  Petersen  from  Steenwyck.  Johannis  Vcrele  from  Antwerp. 

Matthys  Princen  from  Waltneel. 


Idst  of  Soldiers  embarked  in  the  Skip  the  Spotted  Cow,  Ibth  April ^ 

1660. 

Claes  Petersen,  Adelborst  from  Betmarsum. 
Claes  Hayen  from  Bremen 


Soldiers. 
Jan  Petersen  from  Detmarsen 

Gerrit  Manneel  van  Haen 

Conraet  Croos  from  Switserland 

Hendrick  Eyck  from  Srahuys 

Christian  Bartels  Ruysh  from  Amsterdam 

Hendrich  Steveterinck  from  Osnasnigge 
Peter  Martens  from  Laens 


John  Hamelton  of  Hamelton, 
Johan  Verpronck  from  Bonn  above 

Ceulen ;  a  Smith  and  Baker. 
Jan  Wilekheresen  from  Bergen  in 
Norway 

Peter  Petersen  from  AmstertUm, 

with  his  Wife  &  2  children 
Brant  Kemenes  from  Dockum 
Dirck  Jansen  from  Bylevelt 
Harman  Jansen  Eagsinck  from 

Oldenseel 
Johannes  Levelin  from  Bulhausen 
Michiel    Brouwnal  from  (Berg) 
Mont-eassel 


List  of  Soldiers,  embarked  for  JVeio  JYeiherland  in  the  Ship  Otter ^ 
mh  April  1660. 

Jan  Vresen,  from  Hamburg;  Adelborst,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 

Jacob  Loysjelcr,  from  Francfort.  Reinier  CorneliSj  from  Utrechtt  be  dis- 

charged whenever  he  request  it,  to 
follow  his  trade. 

Daniel  Lengelgraast,  from  Amsterdam.   Joost  Kockeiot,  from  Wrimigen. 
Thomas  Vorstuyt,  from  Bremen.  Jan  Vaex,  from  Nieustad. 

Harmen  Hellings,  from  Verda  Jan  Vier,  from  Bon. 

Gysbert  Dirckson,from  Schans  te  voorn.  Jan  ClaeSen,  from  Outserenter. 
Tennis  Warten,  from  Gorcum  Paulus  Mettermans,  from  L'Orient. 

Ferdinandus  Willays,  from  Cortryck.     Peter  Teunis,  from  Steenburg. 
Immigrants;  In,  the  Gilded  Otter. 

Joost  Huyberts,  from  Gelderland;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
\  Philip  Gassier,  from  Calais;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 
V  David  IJplie,  from  Calais;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife. 

Matthews  Blanchard,  from  Artois;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  3  children. 

Jan  Adriaensen  van  Duy  velant's  Wife.  * 

Anthony  Krypel,  from  Artois;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife. 

Canster  Jacobs'  Wife,  from  Hoesem  and  Daughter. 

AVillem  Jacobsen,  fromHaerlem;  Agriculturist. 

Bastiaen  Glissen,  from  Calemburg;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  five  children. 
Gerrit  Jansz  van  Veen,  from  Calemburg;  farmer's  boy. 
Gerrit  Aartsen  van  Buren ;  Agriculturist. 
Gerrit  Cornelissen  van  Buren;  Agriculturist. 
Cornelia  Abrahams,  from  Gelderland ;  Agriculturist, 


58 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF    NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


1661. 

Janttary;  Tn  the  Golden  Eagle. 
Cornells  Gerlossen,  from  East  Friesland ;  Tailor. 
Jannetje  Barents,  widow  of  Jan  Quisthout. 
Jacob  Farments,  wife  and  child. 

May;  In  the  Beaver. 
Hugh  Barcntsen  de  Clein,  and  Wife  and  seven  children. 
Peter  Marcelis  van  Beest,  and  Wife  and  four  children  and  2  servants. 
Aert  Pietersen  Buys  van  Beest,  and  Wife  and  son. 
Frans  Jacobsen  van  Beest,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Widow  Geertje  Cornells  van  Beest,  and  six  children. 
Widow  Adriaentje  Cornelis  van  Beest,  and  Daughter. 
Goossen  Jansen  van  Noort  van  Beest. 
Hendrick  Dries  van  Beest. 
Neeltje  Jans  van  Beest. 
Geertruy  Teunissen  van  Beest. 
Geertje  Willems,  from  Amsterdam. 
Aert  Teunissen  Middagh, 
Jacob  Bastiacnsen,  from  Heycop. 

Estienne  Genejoy,  from  Rochelle,  and  Wife  and  three  children.  Jf* 

Jan  Lammertsen,  from  Bremen. 

Hendrickje  Jochems. 

Geertje  Jochems. 

Wouter  Thysen,  from  Hilversom. 

Gideon  Jacobs. 

The  Son  of  Evert  Peterson,  Consoler  of  the  sick. 

Ditto;  In  the  St.  Jean  Baptist. 
Gerrit  Gerritsen,  from  Besevcnn. 
Gommert  Faulessen  from  Antwerp. 

Aerent  Teunissen,  from  Amsterdam,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Jan  Theunissen,  from  Amsterdam,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Annelje  van  Genen,  f-om  Sinden. 
Geertje  Samsnns,  from  Wecsp, 

Jan  Willemsen,  from  the  Loosdrecht,  and  Wife  and  two  sons. 

Peter  Bielliou,  from  Pays  de  vaud,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 

Walraven  Luten,  from  Flanders,  and  Wife  and  suckling. 

Mynder  Coerton,  frc-m  Adighem. 

Claes  Jansen.  from  Uithoorn  and  Wife  and  child. 

Andries  Imans,  from  Leydcn. 

Jacob  Abrahamsen  Sant=.  oort. 

Gerrit  Hcndricksen,  fromSwoll. 

Tys  Barcntsen,  from  Lcirdam,  and  wife  and  three  children. 

Cornelis  Dirckscn  Vos,  from  Lcirdam,  and  Wife,  mother  and  two  childien. 

November;  In  the  Purmerland  Church. 
Barent  Cornclissen  Slecht. 

1G62. 

January;   In  the  Qolden  EagU. 
Peter  Jansen  Cuyck,  from  Hcusdcn,  Agriculturist. 
Peter  Jansen,  from  Amsterdam  ;  Agriculturist. 
Teunifl  Dirckscn  Boer,  ami  Wife  and  three  children. 
Bciwart  Petersen,  from  Hoescm;  Malsler. 


V 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY   THE  DUTCH. 


59 


March  ;  In  the  Faith. 
Lysbet  Harmens,  from  the  Traert. 
Jan  Gerrits,  fromEmbden;  labourer. 
Jacob  Wouters,  from  Amsterdam. 

Barent  VVitten  Hooft,  from  Munster,  Tailor,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 

Stoflfel  Smet,  fromKeurlo;  Agriculturist. 
Adriaen  Hendricks,  from  Borckelo;  Agriculturist. 
Precilla  Homes,  and  her  brother,  and  one  suckling. 
Thomas  Harmenscn  Brouwers,  from  Sevenbergen;  farmer. 
V"  Symon  Cornie;  farmer  from  France,  and  Wife. 

Adriaen  Gcrritsen,  from  Utrecht;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  five  children. 

Albert  Jansen,  from  Steenwyck ;  Tailor. 

Reinier  Petersen,  from  Steenwyck;  Agriculturer. 

Claes  van  Campen,  from  Oldenburg;  farmer's  boy. 

Adriaen  Aartsen  from  Thillerwarden  in  Guilderland, 

Hendrick  Arentsen,  from  the  same  place ;  labourer. 

April;  In  the  Hope. 
Annctje  Hendricks,  Wife  of  Jan  Evertsen;  shoemaker,  and  five  children. 
Cornelis  Dircksen  Hooglant;  Agriculturer,  and  Wife,  son  and  Daughter. 
Jacob  Jansen;  N.  Netherland;  farmer,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Adriaen  Vincian,  fromTournay;  Agriculturer. 
Jochem  Engelburgh,  from  Heusden. 
Gerrit  Hargerinck,  from  Newenhuys,  and  two  sons. 
Annetje  Gillis  van  Beest;  servant  girl. 

Jan  Petersen,  from  Deventer;  Tailor,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Jan  Timmer,  from  Gorekum,  and  Wife. 
Luytje  Gerrits;  Agriculturist  from  Friesland. 
Peckle  Dirc':sen,  from  Friesland. 

Willem  Lubbertsen,  from  Meppel;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  six  children. 

Lubbert  Lubbertsen,  from  Meppel ;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 

Jan  Barentsen,  from  Meppel;  Agriculturist,  and  Wife  and  five  children. 

Gerrit  Jacobsen,  from  Meppel;  Agriculturist. 

Harmtje  Barents,  from  Meppel;  Maiden. 

Willem  Pietersen  dc  Groot,  and  Wife  and  five  children. 

Abel  H.irdeiibroeck,  and  Wife  and  child,  and  servant  named  Casper  Ovencamp* 

Balthaser  de  Vos,  from  Utrecht;  farmer,  and  Wife. 

Hendrick  Aldertsen,  from  the  Thillerwaerd  j  farmer,  and  two  children. 

Albert  Buer,  from  Gulick. 

Jan  Spiegelaer,  and  Wife. 

August  ;  In  the  Fox. 

Jan  de  la  Warde,  from  Antwerp. 

Albert  Saboriski,  from  Prussia. 

Anthony  Dircksen,  from  Brabant. 
)^  Pierre  Martin,  Pays  de  Vaud. 

Gerardus  Ivc,  from  Pays  de  Vaud. 

Joost  Grand,  from  Pays  de  Vaud. 

Jan  Le  chaire,  from  Valenciennes;  Carpenter. 
J  Jan  Albantsen,  from  Steenwyck,  and  Wife  and  child. 

Ammereiis  Claesen,  maiden. 

Hendrick  Alberlsen;  Labourer 

Jan  Claesen;  labourer. 


60  FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW- YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


Lysbet  Hendricksen. 

Jan  Bosschj  from  Westphalen. 

Roelof  Hermansen,  from  Germany,  and  Wife. 

Robbert  ile  la  Main,  from  Dieppe. 

David  Kraffort;  Mason,  and  Wife  and  child. 

Jacomyntje  Jacobs,  Daughter  of  Jacob  Swart. 

Juriacn  Jansen,  from  Holstein. 

Anneije  Anthonis,  wife  of  Gerrit  Mannaet,  and  her  child. 
Souverain  Ten  Houte;  Baker. 

Albert  Hendricksen,  from  Maersen;  House  Carpenter. 
Symon  Scholts,  from  Prussia. 
Hendrick  Tymensen,  from  Loodrccht. 

David  Ackerman,  from  the  Mayory  of  Bosch,  and  Wife  and  six  children. 
Will  em  Symonsen,  from  Amsterdam. 
Pierre  de  Marc,  from  Rouen;  Shoemaker. 

Dirck  Storm,  from  the  Mayory  of  Bosch,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
David  i3avidsen,  from  Maestricht. 

Jan  Joosten,  from  the  Thiclcrwaert,  and  wife  and  five  children. 

Claes  Barents,  from  Dort. 

Lendert  Dircksen  Van  Venloo,  of  Rumunt. 

Adreaen  Lowrensen  Van  Loesren,  carpenter. 

October,  In  the  Purmerland  Church. 
Claus  Paulus,  from  Detmarsum,  and  Wife. 
Nicolas  du  Pui,  from  Artois,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Arnout  du  Tois,  from  Ryssel,  (Lisle,)  and  VV^ife  and  one  child. 
Gideon  Meiiit,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 
Louis  Louhman,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Jacques  Cossaris,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Jan  de  Conohilier,  (now,  Consilyea)  and  Wife  and  five  children. 
Jacob  Colff,  from  Leyden,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Judith  Jans,  from  Leyden^  maiden. 
Carstcn  Jansen. 
Ferdinanilus  de  Mulder. 
Isaac  Veriiiel,  and  Wife  and  /our  children. 
Abelis  Setshoorn. 
Claes  Jansen  van  Ileynengen. 

1663. 

March  ;  In  the  Rosetree. 
Andries  Pieterscn  van  B^rj^en. 

Dirck  Everts,  from  Amcrsfoort,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Peter  Jansen,  from  Amcrsfoort,  and  four  chililren. 
Fredrick  Clacsen,  from  Norway. 
Jeremias  Jansen,  from  Woslerlioot. 

Jan  Jaoobsen,  from  East  Fries^land,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Hendrick  Hendricksen,  from  Westphalia. 
Hendrick  Lammerls,  from  Aniersfoorf. 

.Tan  Jansen  Verborck,  from  Burcn,  and  Wife  and  five  children. 
Jannetje  Willcmsen. 

Adrian  T.amniertsen,  from  TieUIervcen,  and  Wife  and  six  children. 
Jacob  Hondricka,  his  Nephew. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


61 


Theunis  Jansen,  from  the  country  of  Liege»  and  Wife  and  six  children. 

Thys  Jansen,  from  the  country  of  Liege,  and  four  children. 

Theunis  Gerritsen;  painter,  from  Buren. 

Jan  Petersen  Buys  van  Beest. 

Hendrick  Hansen,  from  Germany. 

Edward  Smith,  from  Leyden. 

Peter  Martensen,  from  Ditmarsum,  and  child. 

Bay  Groesvelt,  and  Wife  and  sucking  child. 

Cornelis  Claesen,  from  Amsterdam. 

Hendrick  Abels,  from  Leyden. 

Barent  Hoist,  from  Hamburgh. 

Hendrick  Wessels,  from  Wishem. 

Claes  Woutcrs,  from  Amersfoort,  and  Wife  and  one  child, 

Grietje  Hendricks,  Wife  of  Jan  Arentsen  Smith  in  Esopus  and  daughter. 

Jan  Cornelisz  van  Limmigen. 

Hendrick  Jansen;  painter. 

Grietje  Harmens,  from  Alckmaer. 

Fredrick  Claesen,  from  Mespclen. 

Ditto  ;  In  the  Eagle, 

Willem  Schot. 
Elias  Jansen,  from  Tiel. 
Dirck  Schiltman,  from  Tiel. 
Andrees  Petersen,  from  Tiel. 
Maria  Laurens. 

Grietje  Jaspers,  from  Tiel ;  maiden. 
Dirck  Lucas. 
Clement  Rosens. 

Evert  Dirksen,  from  Vianen,  and  two  children. 

April;  In  the  Spotted  Cow. 
Hendrick  Corneliss,  from  New  Netherland. 
Staes  de  Groot,  from  Tricht. 

Elje  Barents,  the  Wife  of  Adam  Bremen,  and  servant  girl. 

Jan  Lourens,  from  Schoonder  Woort,  and  Wife  and  two  children, 

Theunis  Bastiaensen  Cool,  and  child. 

Jan  Bastiaensen,  from  Leerdam,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 

Giel  Bastiaensen,  from  Leerdam,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 

Gerrit  Jans,  from  Arnhem,  and  Wife  and  Brothcr-in-Law,  Arnoldus  Willems, 

Joris  Adriaensen,  from  Leerdam. 

Peter  Matthysen,  from  Limborgh. 

Jan  Boerhans. 

Lammert  Jansen  Dorlant. 

Gerrit  Verbeeck. 

Grietje  Gerrits,  the  Wife  of  Dirck  Jansen,  and  two  children, 
Adriaen  Jansen  Honink  from  Well,  and  Wife  and  four  children, 
Hans  Jacob  Sardingh. 
Juriaen  Tomassen,  from  Rypen. 
Jan  Laurens,  from  Rypen. 
Jan  Otto  van  Teyl,  and  Wife  and  child. 
Matthys  Bastiaensen  vander  Peich,  and  daughter. 
^Marytje  Theunis  van  Beest. 
y  Jerome  Bovie,  from  Pays  de  Vaud,  and  Wife  and  five  children. 


62 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


David  de  Marist,  from  Picardy,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 

Pierre  Wiu,  from  the  Pays  de  Vaud,  and  Wife,  sucking  child  and  sister. 

Jean  Mesurole,  from  Picardy,  and  Wife  and  sucking  child. 

Jean  Arien,  from  Monpellier,  and  Wife  and  child  (removed  to  the  Islands). 

Martin  Renare,  from  Picardy,  and  Wife  and  child. 

Jacob  Kerve,  from  Leyden,  and  Wife. 

Pierre  Parmentie,  from  Pays  de  Vaud,  and  Wife  and  son. 

Joost  Houpleine,  from  Flanders,  and  Wife  and  son. 

Joost  Houpleine,  junior,  and  Wife  and  sucking  child. 

Guilliam  Goffou,  from  Sweden. 

Moillart  Journay,  from  Pays  de  vaud. 

Pierre  Richard,  from  Paris. 

June;  In  the  Star, 

Peter  Worster. 

Vieu  Pont,  from  Normandy. 

Joan  Paul  de  Rues. 

Ditto;  In  the  St.  Jacob. 
Geertje  Huyberts,  Wife  of  Jan  Gerritsen,  from  Marken,  and  nephew. 
Annetje  Jacobs,  from  Gornichem. 

September;  In  the  Stetin. 
Schout  Olferts,  from  Friesland,  and  Wife  and  child  and  servant  Foppe 
Johannis. 
Jacob  Govertsen,  and  son. 
Jan  Jansen,  the  younger,  and  Wife  and  child. 
Claes  Jansen,  from  Amsterdam,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Anthoni  Berghman,  from  Gorcum. 
Hendrick  Gerretsen,  from  Aernhem. 
Willem  Van  Voorst,  from  Arnhem. 
Grietjc  Jansen,  from  Weldorp. 
Cornelis  Teunissen,  from  Norway. 
Peter  Carstensen,  from  Holsteyn  and  son. 
Jacob  Bastiaensen,  from  Newerveen. 
Jan  Jansen,  from  Norway,  and  Wife. 
Grietje  Hargeringh,  Jan  Hargeringh,  from  Newenhuys. 
Johannes  Burger,  from  Geemen. 
Gysbert  Krynnc  Boelhont. 
Belctje  Jacobs,  van  Naerden. 
Reinier  Claesen,  from  Francken. 
Hesscl  Megelis,  from  Friesland. 
Jan  Laurense,  from  Ne-v  Netherlurid. 
Albert  Adriaense  de  Bruyn,  from  the  Betawe. 
Dirck  Teunissen  van  Naerden. 
Jan  Vrcesen,  from  Hamburg. 
Jan  Roclofsen,  from  Norway. 
Susanna  Verplanck,  and  child 
Lysbet  ver  Schurcn. 
Jan  Brouwcr,  and  Brother. 

Annetje  Hendricks,  Wife  of  Fredrick  Hendricks  Cooper. 
Douwc  Aukcs. 

Merino  Johannis,  and  Wife  and  four  children,  together  with  his  Wife's  sister 
and  hia  servant. 


FIRST  SETTLEMENT  OF  NEW-YORK  BY  THE  DUTCH. 


63 


October;  In  the  St.  Peter, 
Marritje  Jans,  from  Amsterdam. 
Boel  Roelofs,  from  Friesland. 

Peter  Alberts,  from  Vlissingen,  and  Wife  and  two  children. 
Ariaen  Peters  Kurae,  from  Flissingen. 
Willem  Luycass,  from  Maeslands-sluys. 

1664. 

January;  In  the  Faith, 
Marcelis  Jansen  van  Bommel;  farmer. 
Evert  Tack,  from  the  Barony  of  Breda. 
Lysbet  Arens,  from  Amsterdamj  and  child. 

Johannis  Hardenbroeck,  from  Elberveld,  and  Wife  and  four  children. 
Janneken  Juriaensen,  from  Gorcum. 

Corneliss  Cornelisscn  Vernoey,  and  Wife  and  sucking  child. 
Lysbet  de  Roode,  from  Dantzick,  Wife  of  John  Saline,  and  child. 
Sara  Teunis. 

Ditto  ;  la  the  Broken  Heart. 
Lysbeth  Jansen  van  Wie,  near  Goch. 
The  Wife  of  Govert  van  Oy,  and  two  children. 
Jan  Jansen,  from  Amsterdam. 

Claes  Gerritsen,  son  of  Gerrit  Lubbertsen,  from  Wesel. 

S.  Vander  Wessels. 

Jan  Wouterse  van  Norden. 

Ditto  ;  In  the  Beaver. 
Anietje  Hendricks  van  der  Briel. 

April;  In  the  Concord. 
Abigel  Verp-anck,  and  child. 

Claes  Mellis,  from  Great  Schermer,  and  Wife  and  two  children  and  servant. 
Jan  Taelman. 

Hendrick  Bartholomeus  and  five  children. 

Claes  Gerritseu,  and  Wife  and  child. 

Jentje  Jeppes,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 

Bastiaen  Corneliss,  from  Maersen. 

Maes  Willems,  from  lleyland. 

The  Wife  of  Jan  Evertsen  van  Lier,  and  child. 

Claes  Andriessen,  from  Holsteyn. 

Gerrit  Gerritsen,  from  Swol.  ' 
Sicke  Jans,  from  Amsterdam. 
Seravia  vander  Hagen,  and  child. 

Carel  Enjoert,  from  Flanders,  and  Wife  and  three  children. 
Hendrick  Wienrick,  from  Wesel. 
Adriaentje  Hendricks,  and  child. 


